and the skin-lightening was indeed visible and significant (though the pigmentation spots did not completely disappear, just so you have realistic expectations). This makes it a partly water- and partly oil-soluble material, meaning it functions as an emulsifier helping oil and water to mix.

I’m in my mid-twenties and while my days of acne and breakouts aren’t fully behind me, aging is also becoming a top concern for me.A high-molecular-weight silicone elastomer (rubber-like elastic material) that is usually blended with a base silicone fluid (such as dimethicone or cyclopentasiloxane) to give the formula a silky smooth feel and to act as a thickening agent.

If we go with our royal family analogy, Retinal is Prince William, directly next in line to the throne. Overall, if you are into retinoids, Retinal is a really awesome and well-proven member of the family that is absolutely worth trying. Clinical study in 41 individuals, 100% women, under dermatological and ophthalmological control, 1 application per day. It also helps to disperse insoluble particles (think color pigments or zinc/titanium dioxide sunscreen) nice and even in cosmetic formulas.Great natural moisturizer and skin-identical ingredient that plays an important role in skin hydration and general skin health. For example, in case of AHA or BHA exfoliants, the right pH is super-duper important, and pH adjusters like sodium hydroxide are needed.

The English translation is, so far it looks like sunscreens with nanoparticles do stay on the surface of the skin where they should be. Depending on your hair type, it can be a bit difficult to wash out and might cause some build-up (btw, this is not true to all silicones, only the non-volatile types).They concluded that " at week 18, a significant reduction of the wrinkle and roughness features was observed with both retinaldehyde and retinoic acid. A large sugar molecule (aka polysaccharide) that's used as a gelling agent and comes from brown seaweed. You can usually find it right in the very first spot of the ingredient list, meaning it’s the biggest thing out of all the stuff that makes up the product. It is excellent for acne-prone skin and safe to use even if you have fungi-related skin issues, like seborrhea or fungal acne. Also, works well to fill in fine lines and wrinkles and give skin a plump look (of course that is only temporary, but still, it's nice).