Bhopal, Raj (2004). "Glossary of terms relating to ethnicity and race: for reflection and debate". Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health. 58 (6): 441–445. doi: 10.1136/jech.2003.013466. PMC 1732794. PMID 15143107. a b Storm, Eric; Tuma, Ali Al (22 December 2015). Colonial Soldiers in Europe, 1914–1945: "Aliens in Uniform" in Wartime Societies. Routledge. p.97. ISBN 9781317330981. Interactive map tool that visualises Census 2021 data on different topics down to a local authority area and neighbourhood level. Assessment for Afro-Caribbeans in the United Kingdom". Minorities at Risk Project, University of Maryland. 31 December 2006. Archived from the original on 22 November 2014 . Retrieved 28 April 2015. A Portrait of England: SS Empire Windrush". icons. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011 . Retrieved 22 March 2014.

Documents from the National Archives show that practices continued into the 1960s, with Manchester police creating reports on immigrant communities' "intermixing, miscegenation and illegitimacy", listing numbers of children by race. [187] Early 21st century [ edit ] Firefighters douse a shop and flats destroyed by arson during the initial rioting in Tottenham. I knew I was different. My mum would turn up on the bus with a load of bags. Other kids would turn up in bigger cars, coming from private schools," she says.In 1361–62 the plague returned to England, this time causing the death of around 20% of the population. After this the plague continued to return intermittently throughout the 14th and 15th centuries, in local or national outbreaks. From this point on its effect became less severe, and one of the last outbreaks of the plague in England was the Great Plague of London in 1665–1666. Cipolla, Carlo M. (1993). Before the Industrial Revolution: European Society and Economy 1000–1700 (3rded.). London: Routledge. pp.260–61. ISBN 0-415-09005-9. a b c d United Kingdom census (2011). "Table KS201UK – Ethnic group, local authorities in the United Kingdom". Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 21 October 2013 . Retrieved 12 April 2021. a b "MS-B01: Ethnic group". Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. 22 September 2022 . Retrieved 7 January 2023. Rainford-Brent was born in Loughborough Junction in South East London to a Jamaican mum and grew up in what she describes as a "typical Caribbean household".

Hudson-Knight, Paul (1 November 2013). "Pilots of the Caribbean – The Sword of Honour". Royal Air Force Museum. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016 . Retrieved 3 December 2020.

Army Sportswomen – What Can You Achieve: Staff Sergeant Angelique James

If multiple ethnic groups are present, this identifies whether they differ between generations or partnerships within the household. Usual resident Picard, Liza (23 May 2013). Elizabeth's London: Everyday Life in Elizabethan London. Orion. ISBN 9781780226507. Rose, Sonya (May 2001). "Race, empire and British wartime national identity, 1939–45". Historical Research. 74 (184): 220–37. doi: 10.1111/1468-2281.00125. PMID 18161216. Allen, R.C. "The Great divergence in European wages and prices from the middle ages to the First World War", Explorations in Economic History, 38 (2001), pp. 411–47 Various methods were used including sweating, bloodletting, forced vomiting and urinating to treat patients infected with the plague. [41] Several symptoms of the illness included blotches, hardening of the glands under the groin and underarms, and dementia. [42] Within the initial phase of the disease, bloodletting was performed on the same side of where the physical manifestations of the buboes or risings appeared. For instance, if a rising appeared on the right side of the groin the physician would bleed a vein in the ankle on the same side. [43] In the case of sweating, it was achieved with such medicines as Mithridate, Venice-Treacle, Matthiolus, Bezoar-Water, Serpentary Roots and Electuarium de Ovo. [44] Sweating was used when measures were desperate; if a patient had tokens, a severe version of risings, the physician would wrap the naked patient in a blanket drenched in cold water. This measure was only performed while the patient still had natural heat in his system. The desired effect was to make the patient sweat violently and thus purge all corruption from the blood which was caused by the disease. [45]

Wood, Michael (1 January 2003). In Search of Shakespeare. ISBN 9780563534778. {{ cite book}}: |work= ignored ( help) McNeill, Kirsty (18 March 2021). "March 21st is Census day - but Scotland will have to wait". Coalition for Racial Equality and Rights . Retrieved 26 March 2023. In 2011, following the shooting of a mixed-race man, Mark Duggan, by police in Tottenham, a protest was held at the local police station. The protest ended with an outbreak of fighting between local youths and police officers leading to widespread disturbances across English cities.James, Winston (1992). "Migration, Racism and Identity: The Caribbean Experience in Britain" (PDF). New Left Review. I/193: 15–55. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 June 2015 . Retrieved 27 April 2015. As part of the "White" ethnic group, 74.4% (44.4 million) of the total population in England and Wales identified their ethnic group as "English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British", this is a continued decrease from 80.5% (45.1 million) in 2011, and from 87.5% (45.5 million) who identified this way in 2001. Secondly, a person identifies through one of the 19 available response options, which include categories with write-in response options. For more information on question structure, see Section 9: Measuring the data. High-level ethnic groups in England and Wales Bugel, Safi (26 October 2022). "UK music industry to implement anti-racism code of conduct from 2023". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved 9 February 2023.

HISTORIA AUGUSTA, 10. Septimius Severus". LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY. Archived from the original on 7 February 2019. a b "Charles Stanhope, third Earl of Harrington and Marcus Richard Fitzroy Thomas - YCBA Collections Search". collections.britishart.yale.edu . Retrieved 15 October 2023. London remains the most ethnically diverse region of England and saw an 8.1 percentage point decrease of people who identified as "White: English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British" (36.8%, 3.2 million in 2021, down from 44.9%, 3.7 million in 2011). In other regions, the percentages identifying their ethnic group this way ranged between 71.8% (4.3 million) in the West Midlands to 90.6% (2.4 million) in the North East. Local Authorities Archer signed for Sussex in 2016 on the recommendation of England bowler Chris Jordan, also born in Barbados, after the two met in the Caribbean country. We have excluded the "White: English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British" ethnic group from this chart. This is to make it easier to clearly see the differences for the 18 ethnic minority groups that account for a smaller percentage of the overall population.Winder, Robert (2010). Bloody Foreigners: The Story of Immigration to Britain. Hachette. ISBN 9780748123964. The number of people choosing to specify their ethnic group through the "Other ethnic group: Any other ethnic group" write-in response option (924,000, 1.6%) almost tripled since 2011 (333,000, 0.6%). The largest ethnic groups within the "Other ethnic group: Any other ethnic group" write-in response option for England and Wales included "Sikh" (77,000, 0.1%), "Hispanic or Latin American" (76,000, 0.1%) and "Kurdish" (76,000, 0.1%).