Standards Australia International. Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 3500.2:2003. In Plumbing and Drainage, Part 2: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage; Standards Australia International: Sydney, Australia, 2003; ISBN 0 7337 5496 1. [ Google Scholar] There are many important aspects of the home plumbing installation which work together and ensure smooth operating of said plumbing installation. You will therefore notice that your fixtures will be draining slowly, and whenever you drain one fixture, an adjacent one will start gurgling, as the water in the trap is siphoned out due to the creation of a vacuum in the drain system. Floor drains are still common in Hong Kong bathrooms and kitchens, but their function is less significant as floor cleaning with a hose has given way to mopping. In the UK floor drains are used in wet rooms, as well as in some public buildings (eg leisure centre changing rooms and communal showers).

A ‘trap’ is a fittings that forms a water seal put between soil vent pipes and other externalities. This article offers a brief introduction to different drainage systems and their major components and the reasons why protection fails, along with some recommended remedies. Correct vent pipe sizing An undersized vent pipe will not be able to handle air balance within the drainage system. Air cannot be released in time to cope with the large in-flow water volume, resulting in air compression. Follow the vent pipe size requirements as stipulated in HK Legislation Cap 123I Building Reg 30 & 31 [Part H of the Building Regulations in the UK]. Enlarge the pipe one commercial size when necessary if concentrated high peak flow is anticipated. Soil pipes also need to be larger in diameter than waste pipes on the account of having to handle more…solid materials. While having your sink drain into a soil pipe wouldn't really matter much (apart from using up an unnecessary amount of space under it), having your toilet drain into a waste pipe would be a recipe for a very unpleasant disaster in your home.At some point, the iron waste pipes you're removing will connect to clay soil pipes that are part of the underground drainage system. To make the task as clean and tidy as possible, you should connect directly to this clay pipe. But why is it important to make this differentiation? Why can't one pipe service all wastewater needs if they both carry it out to the sewer? Why does it matter whether you use soil pipes or waste pipes? The answer lies in what they are used for and the way they are vented. Gravity-Driven: The DWV system relies on gravity to move wastewater and waste materials downhill. Proper pipe slope and design ensure efficient drainage.

Weathering Collar - used to divert rainwater away from falling directly onto the weathering slate to provide extra protection. Generally, this will mean a little excavation - although the connection to the clay pipe won't be much more than a few inches deep. Allow yourself enough space to make a clean cut to break the joint between iron and clay - again remembering to make sure no debris enters any drainage systems. Installing new waste pipes The well water tank or pressure tank stores several gallons of water between your well pump and your home. A well ensures water is immediately available and saves wear and tear on the well pump. You’ll notice some of the following if you have pressure tank problems: Let us look at the table below for some of the critical drain-waste-vent system sizes: Drain Pipe Size (inches)Venting: Vent pipes play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the system. They prevent vacuum formation, which could lead to traps being siphoned, and allow sewer gases to escape safely above the roofline. Dealing with plastic systems is a lot more straightforward, as most plastic drainage pipes are designed to be compatible with each other regardless of the manufacturer. If they aren't, conversion fittings are usually readily available to make connections as easy as possible. The only caveat to this is that different connection types shouldn't generally be mixed. For soil pipes, the two main connection types are either Ring Seal or Solvent Weld, meaning that if the system you are connecting to is a Solvent Weld system, you should ideally be using Solvent Weld pipes and fittings rather than Ring Seal, and visa-versa. "But what is the difference between these two connection types?" we hear you ask. Well, fortunately enough, we have written a separate article (Ring Seal or Solvent Weld - which soil pipe system is better?) to answer just that. The good news is, manufacturers have factored this in when creating connection types. Although you're potentially going from a 110mm drainage pipe or branch into a 160mm external diameter clay pipe, you've got a choice of products. The first is an external rubber connector with jubilee clips at both ends - allowing you to make an air- and water-tight connection to both waste pipes. All water and sewerage companies have a duty to provide public sewers to make sure the area is effectively drained. Usually, you have the right to connect the drain from your property to the public sewer – although you may have to pay for this. Can the local authority insist you connect to the public sewer?

Vent Terminal - fits over the exposed end of the soil vent pipe to prevent large debris, birds, and other small wildlife from entering the system. There are different schools of thought when it comes to actually getting soil pipes off the wall, and the route you take is ultimately up to you and your insurers. Low level cistern type – Widely used in HK public housing (eg Hong Mei House, Tsing Yi), and in some older properties and public toilets in the UK. Most pipes are exposed. A flushing pipe is connected between the cistern and the WC bowl which is of wash-down design. More water droplets will arise during flushing for this type of bowl so the WC pan must be covered prior to flushing. In addition, adequate water volume must be maintained in the cistern to ensure that the foul water as well as all solid waste is flushed away. All parts of the plumbing installation which handle wastewater are often called a Drain-Waste-Vent (DWV) system. As the name suggests, the system is made up of three main components: Ishii, M.; Paranjape, S.S.; Kim, S.; Sun, X. Interfacial structures and interfacial area transport in downward two-phase bubbly flow. Int. J. Multiph. Flow 2004, 30, 779–801. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]Correct selection and installation of sanitary fixtures can minimise contamination to the environment. The easiest way to cut cast iron pipe is with a ratchet pipe cutter, available at an equipment rental center. Bodily waste produces methane and other unpleasant/dangerous gasses that must be vented out of the system before reaching the sewer. For this reason, soil pipe systems are typically designed to be vented through the roof of your home to allow the gasses to escape out into the air. The wastewater produced by washing your hands, having a shower, washing your clothes, or doing the dishes doesn't produce these gasses however, therefore waste pipe systems don't require this ventilation.