On 21 May 2011, Nepalis Lakpa Tsheri Sherpa and Sano Bapu Sunuwar paraglided from Everest's summit to Namche Bazaar in 42 minutes. [267] [333] After the flight they hiked, biked, and kayaked to the Indian Ocean, reaching the Bay of Bengal by 27 June 2011, thereby becoming the first persons to complete a continuous summit-to-sea descent from Everest. [334] They accomplished the ground-breaking feat despite Bapu having never previously climbed, and Lakpa having never kayaked and not even knowing how to swim. [334] The duo subsequently won National Geographic Adventurers of the Year for 2012 for their exploits. [334] In 2013 footage of the flight was shown on the television news program Nightline. [335] 2014: Helicopter-assisted ascent a b c d e f g h i Peter Gillman, ed. (1993). Everest – The Best Writing and Pictures from Seventy Years of Human Endeavour. Little, Brown and Company. pp.10–13. ISBN 978-0-316-90489-6. In May 2005, pilot Didier Delsalle of France landed a Eurocopter AS350 B3 helicopter on the summit of Mount Everest. [330] He needed to land for two minutes to set the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) official record, but he stayed for about four minutes, twice. [330] In this type of landing the rotors stay engaged, which avoids relying on the snow to fully support the aircraft. The flight set rotorcraft world records, for highest of both landing and take-off. [331] Other variants include "Jomo Langma", "Chomo-lungma", "Djomo-lungma", "Jolmo Lungma", and "Chomolongma". [9] [10] [11] [12] Sherpas, dwarfed by the landscape of broken ice and snow, carry heavy loads along a tortuous route through the Khumbu icefall on their way to camp II.

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Sherpas enjoying a well-earned break at camp IV. Snow goggles were essential to combat the glare from the surrounding landscape.In May 2004, physicist Kent Moore and surgeon John L. Semple, both researchers from the University of Toronto, told New Scientist magazine that an analysis of weather conditions on 11 May suggested that weather caused oxygen levels to plunge about 14 per cent. [128] [129] The expedition little expected the fanfare that awaited them on their return to Britain. Both Hillary and Hunt were knighted in July (Hunt was later made a life peer), and Tenzing was awarded the George Medal. All members of the expedition were feted at parties and banquets for months, but the spotlight fell mostly on Hillary and Tenzing as the men responsible for one of the defining events of the 20th century. Everest- Lhotse, 1956 From Camp I, climbers make their way up the Western Cwm to the base of the Lhotse face, where Camp II or Advanced Base Camp (ABC) is established at 6,500m (21,300ft). The Western Cwm is a flat, gently rising glacial valley, marked by huge lateral crevasses in the centre, which prevent direct access to the upper reaches of the Cwm. Climbers are forced to cross on the far right, near the base of Nuptse, to a small passageway known as the "Nuptse corner". The Western Cwm is also called the "Valley of Silence" as the topography of the area generally cuts off wind from the climbing route. The high altitude and a clear, windless day can make the Western Cwm unbearably hot for climbers. [246] By the end of the 2010 climbing season, there had been 5,104 ascents to the summit by about 3,142 individuals. [153] Some notable "firsts" by climbers include:

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In 1955, a detailed photogrammetric map (at a scale of 1:50,000) of the Khumbu region, including the south side of Mount Everest, was made by Erwin Schneider as part of the 1955 International Himalayan Expedition, which also attempted Lhotse. See also: Effects of high altitude on humans The summit of Mount Everest from the North side From Kala Patthar, Nepal Advance base, camp IV, at the foot of the Lhotse face at 6,500m. From here, loads had to be carried up the steep and hazardous face, and then across it to reach the windswept South Col of Everest. The first recorded efforts to reach Everest's summit were made by British mountaineers. As Nepal did not allow foreigners to enter the country at the time, the British made several attempts on the north ridge route from the Tibetan side. After the first reconnaissance expedition by the British in 1921 reached 7,000m (22,970ft) on the North Col, the 1922 expedition pushed the north ridge route up to 8,320m (27,300ft), marking the first time a human had climbed above 8,000m (26,247ft). The 1924 expedition resulted in one of the greatest mysteries on Everest to this day: George Mallory and Andrew Irvine made a final summit attempt on 8 June but never returned, sparking debate as to whether they were the first to reach the top. Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary made the first documented ascent of Everest in 1953, using the southeast ridge route. Norgay had reached 8,595m (28,199ft) the previous year as a member of the 1952 Swiss expedition. The Chinese mountaineering team of Wang Fuzhou, Gonpo, and Qu Yinhua made the first reported ascent of the peak from the north ridge on 25 May 1960. [7]Junyong, Chen; Yanping, Zhang; Janli, Yuan; Chunxi, Guo; Peng, Zhang (2010). "Height Determination of Qomolangma Feng (MT. Everest) in 2005". Survey Review. Informa UK Limited. 42 (316): 122–131. doi: 10.1179/003962610x12572516251565. ISSN 0039-6265. S2CID 129376174. In 1885, Clinton Thomas Dent, president of the Alpine Club, suggested that climbing Mount Everest was possible in his book Above the Snow Line. [95] The 8,848m (29,029ft) height given was officially recognised by Nepal and China. [34] Nepal planned a new survey in 2019 to determine if the April 2015 Nepal earthquake affected the height of the mountain. [35] Melissa Arnot, American, summits for the fifth time, breaking her own record for most successful summits by any non-Sherpa woman. [309]