There is also vitamin c contained in this product which helps to neutralise free radicals and to defend against UV damage. In general algae extracts serve as moisturizing, emollient and thickening agents, and many of them also have additional anti-aging properties. The concentration of about 2% is effective for supporting the skin barrier and evening out the skin tone.

A super common fragrance ingredient found naturally in many plants including citrus peel oils, rosemary or lavender. Nordic brand Lumene harnesses these powerful local ingredients, such as Arctic cloudberry seeds, Arctic algae and wild bilberry seed oil, to enhance radiance, hydrate and even boost the complexion.It was only an in-vitro study meaning that it was done on cell cultures and not on real people, but still, this also does not support the use of AP too much. It contains antioxidant superstar, Vitamin E (in multiple forms), antioxidant (and orange color giving) pigments beta-carotene and lycopene, as well as skin-soothing and replenishing beta-sitosterol.

Leslie Bauman notes in Cosmetic Dermatology that one application of sunflower oil significantly speeds up the recovery of the skin barrier within an hour and sustains the results 5 hours after using it. Revitalise dull-looking skin with the potent combination of seed extract and seed oil from antioxidant-rich Wild Arctic Cloudberry, Vitamins A, B3, C and E, Pure Arctic Spring Water and Hyaluronic Acid. A super common fragrance ingredient that can be found among others in lavender, ylang-ylang, bergamot or jasmine. This means that our molecule is part water- and part oil-loving, so it not only works as a thickener but also as an emulsion stabilizer.It's quite the multi-tasker: an emollient and water-binding ingredient but also an emulsifier and can be used for stabilization purposes. Rosemary leaf extract - Its main active is rosmarinic acid, a potent antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. Encapsulated copper peptides help provide firmer looking skin, along with protecting lingonberry native cells, radiance-boosting fermented cloudberries and soothing nordic heather this nurturing formula helps diminish the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles for an overall radiant and youthful complexion by morning.

Sunflower does not need a big intro as you probably use it in the kitchen as cooking oil, or you munch on the seeds as a healthy snack or you adore its big, beautiful yellow flower during the summer - or you do all of these and probably even more. For example, in case of AHA or BHA exfoliants, the right pH is super-duper important, and pH adjusters like sodium hydroxide are needed. It is there in lots of products in tiny amounts (honestly, we do not really understand why), however, we do not know about any vitamin C serum featuring AP in high amounts. Even if it does, we don't know how good the conversion rate is (but to be fair the same is true for all other derivatives).

Bottom line: If you wanna get serious about retinoids, RP is not your ingredient ( retinol or tretinoin is! The retinoid family is pretty much the royal family of skincare, with the king being the FDA-approved anti-aging ingredient tretinoin.

An extremely common multitasker ingredient that gives your skin a nice soft feel (emollient) and gives body to creams and lotions. Our night cream is inspired by the sleep cycle, an essential time for rejuvenation and replenishment. I really wish this brand were more common in America—they used to sell it at Walgreens but I can’t find it anywhere. Moreover, derivatives not only have to be absorbed into the skin, they also have to be converted into pure AA. A probiotic ingredient that - according to the manufacturer - positively influences both the speed and the quality of epidermal growth that result in better barrier function and overall skin quality.Retinol is also a very famous member of the family, but it's like Prince George, two steps away from the throne.