a b "penguin". Wordnik. Archived from the original on September 5, 2011 . Retrieved October 7, 2014. Sivak, J; Howland, H. C.; McGill-Harelstad, P (1987). "Vision of the Humboldt penguin ( Spheniscus humboldti) in air and water". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 229 (#1257): 467–72. Bibcode: 1987RSPSB.229..467S. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1987.0005. JSTOR 36191. PMID 2881308. S2CID 32860474. Along with his mother, Norma Jean, Mumble is the only character not to have his name changed from the original script. I Want My Mommy!: Ramon screams this a few times when he is put in a situation that is scary for him. Cassandra Truth: His fellow skuas and the penguins doubt the existence of aliens (humans), yet as the plot of the first movie unravels, it is revealed that the aliens were actually real.

Rafferty, John. "Gentoo Penguin". Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021 . Retrieved January 20, 2021.

The truth about Happy Feet's home". 3 News NZ. August 8, 2011. Archived from the original on December 10, 2013 . Retrieved November 21, 2012.

Penguins for the most part breed in large colonies, the exceptions being the yellow-eyed and Fiordland species; these colonies may range in size from as few as 100 pairs for gentoo penguins to several hundred thousand in the case of king, macaroni and chinstrap penguins. [73] Living in colonies results in a high level of social interaction between birds, which has led to a large repertoire of visual as well as vocal displays in all penguin species. [74] Agonistic displays are those intended to confront or drive off, or alternately appease and avoid conflict with, other individuals. [74] As a baby, Mumble gets the "bow-tie" when he gets trampled by Boss Skua. But there is an error as he says "Can I appear to be your better nature?" when his bow-tie disappears. The bow then appears again when he is fully grown. At first, conservation authorities said they would wait and let nature take its course with the penguin. But it soon became clear the bird's condition was deteriorating, as it scooped up beaks full of sand and swallowed, possibly mistaking it for snow, which emperor penguins eat for its moisture in Antarctica. Happy Feet: The IMAX Experience". IMAX. Archived from the original on 5 November 2006 . Retrieved 15 March 2007. Traditionally, most extinct species of penguins, giant or small, had been placed in the paraphyletic subfamily called Palaeeudyptinae. More recently, with new taxa being discovered and placed in the phylogeny if possible, it is becoming accepted that there were at least two major extinct lineages. One or two closely related ones occurred in Patagonia, and at least one other—which is or includes the paleeudyptines as recognized today – occurred on most Antarctic and Subantarctic coasts.International), BirdLife International (BirdLife (August 9, 2018). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Galapagos Penguin". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020 . Retrieved June 2, 2020. A must-have read for anyone looking to improve not just their home but also their quality of life within it.’ During the Late Eocene and the Early Oligocene (40–30 mya), some lineages of gigantic penguins existed. Nordenskjoeld's giant penguin was the tallest, growing nearly 1.80 meters (5.9 feet) tall. The New Zealand giant penguin was probably the heaviest, weighing 80kg or more. Both were found on New Zealand, the former also in the Antarctic farther eastwards. All of the Other Reindeer: Pleasantly averted in the sequel; while Erik clearly has crippling social anxiety that prevents him from relaxing enough to discover his heartsong, his relationship with his loving and supportive parents is healthy despite Mumble's difficulty with communicating. He also has close friends in the form of Atticus and Bodicca, who never leave his side and are always ready to distract, comfort, or defend him as necessary. Greek Chorus: They don't talk to the audience, but most of their screen time is spent commenting on the action rather than contributing, and rather than having any motivation of their own, they just enthusiastically support Mumble on his quest.

In the draft, he was the narrator instead of Lovelace being the narrator in the final cut of the first film. International), BirdLife International (BirdLife (May 1, 2004). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Emperor Penguin". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020 . Retrieved June 2, 2020. The penguin slipped down the slide on its stomach, bottom first, she said. It resurfaced about two metres from the boat, took a look up at the people aboard, then disappeared beneath the surface. The oldest known fossil penguin species is Waimanu manneringi, which lived in the early Paleocene epoch of New Zealand, or about 62 mya. [33] While they were not as well-adapted to aquatic life as modern penguins, Waimanu were generally loon-like birds but already flightless, with short wings adapted for deep diving. [33] They swam on the surface using mainly their feet, but the wings were – as opposed to most other diving birds (both living and extinct) – already adapting to underwater locomotion. [35]Perpetual Frowner: The only times he smiles is once towards the end of the first film and a few scattered times during the second film. Perudyptes from northern Peru was dated to 42 mya. An unnamed fossil from Argentina proves that, by the Bartonian (Middle Eocene), some 39–38 mya, [36] primitive penguins had spread to South America and were in the process of expanding into Atlantic waters. [30] Palaeeudyptines In the Happy Feet franchise, the penguins appear as the main characters. The penguin species, Emperor Penguins are the main characters of the series. Removal of the sledge dogs from Antarctica". Natural Environment Research Council – British Antarctic Survey. Archived from the original on November 13, 2014. Numata, M.; Davis, L. S.; Renner, M. (2000). "Prolonged foraging trips and egg desertion in little penguins ( Eudyptula minor)". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 27 (#4): 277–289. doi: 10.1080/03014223.2000.9518236.

Mumble is the one and only penguin in his colony who cannot sing, though he can, in a sense, with his "Happy Feet". The Early Oligocene genus Cruschedula was formerly thought to belong to Spheniscidae; however, re-examination of the holotype in 1943 resulted in the genus being placed in Accipitridae. [26] Further examination in 1980 resulted in placement as Aves incertae sedis. [27] TaxonomyIn the sequel, Mumble is married with Gloria and has a son named Erik. He is first seen at the Opening Medley when he was tap dancing with his son. Then, Gloria was dancing and coming to Mumble and he faced the other way. He tap dances to Gloria as the emperor penguins continue dancing. He first asks Erik about dancing together. But Erik falls and get embarrassed by the other kids. Erik faults his father Mumble for making him join the dance. Erik and his two best friends, Atticus and Boadicea, follow Ramón to Adélie-Land. This makes Mumble, Gloria, Seymour (Atticus's father) and Miss Viola (Boadicea's mother) worried about them. Then Mumble goes to Adélie-Land to search for them. He finds them with Ramón, Nestor, Lombardo, Rinaldo, Raul and Lovelace. Mumble is forced to bring the three home. Erik is initially reluctant to go, but is convinced by a "flying penguin" named Sven (who was actually a Atlantic Puffin) who got on Erik's thoughts, making him almost forgets his father's presence on his life.