Thermodynamics - the branch of physics concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work The Dipping Happy Bird" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-01 . Retrieved 2021-08-01. Heat of vaporization (or condensation), which establishes that substances absorb (or give off) heat when changing state at a constant temperature. Wet-bulb temperature: The temperature difference between the head and body depends on the relative humidity of the air.

Editorial staff) (5 September 1874). "A new motor". Scientific American. new series. 31 (10): 150. doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican09051874-150. Reading Australia: 'The Floating World' by John Romeril". www.australianbookreview.com.au. Archived from the original on 18 June 2015 . Retrieved 22 May 2022. The drinking bird is an exhibition of several physical laws and is therefore a staple of basic chemistry and physics education. These include: The combined gas law, which establishes a proportional relationship between temperature and pressure exerted by a gas in a constant volume.

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Mitch Hurwitz (Director), Troy Miller (Director), Mitch Hurwitz (Writer), Jim Vallely (Writer), Paul Rust (Story Editor), Jim Brandon (Story Editor), Brian Singleton (Story Editor), Will Arnett (Actor), Peter Jason (Voice) (May 26, 2013). Arrested Development S4E11 Original Cut "A New Attitude" (Television production). 4 (Original Cuted.). Netflix. 07:37 minutes in. If a glass of water is placed so that the beak dips into it on its descent, the bird will continue to absorb water and the cycle will continue as long as there is enough water in the glass to keep the head wet. However, the bird will continue to dip even without a source of water, as long as the head is wet, or as long as a temperature differential is maintained between the head and body. This differential can be generated without evaporative cooling in the head; for instance, a heat source directed at the bottom bulb will create a pressure differential between top and bottom that will drive the engine. The ultimate source of energy is the temperature gradient between the toy's head and base; the toy is not a perpetual motion machine. Air is removed from the apparatus during manufacture, so the space inside the body is filled by vapor evaporated from the fluid. [8] The upper bulb has a "beak" attached which, along with the head, is covered in a felt-like material. [8] The bird is typically decorated with paper eyes, a plastic top hat, and one or more tail feathers. The whole device pivots on a crosspiece attached to the body.

Bernardi, Enrico (1874). "Modo di utilizzare il calorico dell' ambiente per produrre un piccolo lavoro" [Way to use ambient heat to produce a little work]. Il Nuovo Cimento. 2nd series (in Italian). 11 (1): 27–34. Bibcode: 1874NCim...11...27B. doi: 10.1007/bf02738665. S2CID 120829150. Güémez, J.; Valiente, R.; Fiolhais, C.; Fiolhais, M. (December 2003). "Experiments with the drinking bird" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. 71 (12): 1257–1263. Bibcode: 2003AmJPh..71.1257G. doi: 10.1119/1.1603272. hdl: 10316/12328. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-01 . Retrieved 2012-02-19. Among video games, the drinking bird appeared as the "dunkin' dragon" in the Sierra game Quest for Glory (1989), in the Gremlin Interactive game Normality (1996), and as a "water bird" furniture item in the Animal Crossing games (2001). Porygon2, a Pokémon introduced in Generation II ( Pokémon Gold and Silver), resembles a drinking bird, and in 3D Pokémon games, it moves its head in a "dipping" motion. More recently, in the game Quantum Conundrum (2012), one of the main gameplay mechanics is a drinking bird that is used as a timer to press buttons. In the 2014 Creative Assembly video game Alien: Isolation, drinking birds are frequently seen on desks across the game's main setting, Sevastopol Station. The lower temperature and condensation together cause the pressure to drop in the head (governed by Equations of state). Cryophorus - a glass container with two bulbs containing liquid water and water vapor. It is used in physics courses to demonstrate rapid freezing by evaporation

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Flórez-Orrego, Daniel. "Three hand-solved thermodynamics exercises for fun". Flórez-Orrego, Daniel. Polytechnic School, University of Sao Paulo. Güémez, J.; Valiente, R.; Fiolhais, C.; Fiolhais, M. (December 2003). "Experiments with the drinking bird". American Journal of Physics. 71 (12): 1257–1263. Bibcode: 2003AmJPh..71.1257G. doi: 10.1119/1.1603272. hdl: 10316/12328 . Retrieved 30 January 2022.

a b "Miles V. Sullivan [..] is a member of the Photolithography Group in the Bipolar IC ... He is probably best known as the inventor of the “perpetually” drinking bird novelty." Bell Laboratories record: Volume 52 1974 He was a Ph.D. inventor-scientist at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, NJ, USA. [8] [22] [4] Robert T. Plate got a US Design patent in 1947, that cities Arthur M. Hillerys patent. [23] The space inside the bird contains a fluid, usually colored for visibility. (This dye might fade when exposed to light, with the rate depending on the dye/color). [5] Safety Material - Animal Figurines made of durable Eco-friendly plastic material, BPA Free, Phthalates Free and Non-Toxic. Conforms to Releated Toy Safety Standards. Safety always comes first.

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Heat pipe - a heat-transfer device that employs phase transition to transfer heat between two solid interfaces. Unlike the drinking bird, the lower tank was heated and the upper tank just air-cooled in this engine. Other than that, it used the same principle. The Iske brothers during that time got various patents on a related engine which is now known as Minto wheel. By considering the difference between the wet and dry bulb temperatures, it is possible to develop a mathematical expression to calculate the maximum work that can be produced from a given amount of water "drunk". Such analysis is based on the definition of the Carnot heat engine efficiency and the psychrometric concepts. [13] History [ edit ] Editorial staff) (17 July 1874). "A new motor". English Mechanic and World of Science. 19 (486): 449.

American Physical Society (2012). "Insatiable Birdie". American Physical Society, with permission of the Hyperion(Reprint edition). Dr. Sullivan also holds patents on several novelty items such as the well-known drinking bird." Electrochemical technology: Volume 6 1968 Bernardi, Enrico (1872). "Modo di utilizzare il calorico dell' ambiente per produrre un piccolo lavoro"[Way to use ambient heat to produce a little work]. Rivista scientifico-industriale delle principali scoperte ed invenzioni … (Scientific-industrial review of major discoveries and inventions … ) (in Italian). 4: 297–300. The drinking bird is a heat engine that exploits a temperature difference to convert heat energy to a pressure difference within the device, and performs mechanical work. Like all heat engines, the drinking bird works through a thermodynamic cycle. The initial state of the system is a bird with a wet head oriented vertically.Minto wheel - a heat engine consisting of a set of sealed chambers with volatile fluid inside just as in the drinking bird