The problem, however, is that animals did die for this study, in much the same way that they died for the host of other scientific projects that have enrolled hogs in the last half-century. The notion that the realm of “science” and the factory killing floor are neatly separated is belied by the countless researchers who have explicitly described the value of industrial production for experimentation. Science remains tied to industry, now as in the past. Science remains carnivorous, yet claims, like an uneasy meat-eater, that it does not kill the animals itself. Ultimately, such arguments are a disavowal of responsibility for the role research institutions play in sustaining demand for these “by-products.” It often seems, in scientific publications, that the sheer monumentality of pork production itself demands alternative uses for pigs. From fetal pig dissections to organ farms, scientists have been more than happy to assist by upcycling extra hogs or industrial pork’s by-products. Research by anthropologist Mette Nordahl Svendsen into the links between Danish pork production and infant nutrition offers one example that unites many threads from the story thus far. As Svendsen tells it, scientific agricultural breeding over several decades has produced Danish pigs that bear increasingly large litters. This is valuable from a meat perspective but also means that sows can no longer produce enough milk for their piglets. Researchers realized that Bovine colostrum, a by-product from the dairy industry, might serve as a dietary supplement and began feeding it to piglets. Scientists studying neonatal care in humans recognized that the piglets taking colostrum might, in turn, be a model for premature human infants receiving colostrum supplements, leading to experimental tests in neonatal care units. Here human children and piglets are united and analogized by a nexus of biological and agricultural study that draws together hospitals, laboratories, and farms. Pigs are everywhere in United States history. They cleared frontiers and built cities (notably Cincinnati, once known as Porkopolis), served as an early form of welfare, and were at the center of two nineteenth-century “pig wars.” American pork fed the hemisphere; lard literally greased the wheels of capitalism. Though many researchers preferred dogs and rodents for experimental studies, miniature pigs gradually gained popularity. They served as nuclear test detectors, since pigs’ skin reacted similarly to that of humans. They were given new hearts to study the feasibility of different allotransplant techniques before human-to-human transplantation became commonplace. They were even fed extreme diets to study obesity and atherosclerosis under the theory that domestication made them “a counterpart, even a caricature, of the overfed, physically lethargic human population.” In a 1966 article in Scientific American , longtime hog evangelist Leo K. Bustad proclaimed that pigs were “In almost every way … a closer analogy to man than those laboratory favorites, the rat and the dog.” Rather than standing afar and benefitting only accidentally from the cheap, dead matter cast off by a distant system of meat generation, scientists are accountable for that system’s propagation. Laboratories may return life to the dead, but they play a part in the killing as well, even as centuries of experimentalists have euphemized such actions with the term “sacrifice.” To “sacrifice” a laboratory animal suggests that the cause was just; to “kill” implicates one in a much more complicated moral deliberation. Whether pigs become food or food for thought, their edibility remains central. Both uses continue to justify the limitless creation of carcasses from the world’s rendering plants—a trend which is far from sustainable.

The NFT For Private Deal Flow - Video 1 - Capitalism

The Yale researchers who reanimated pig brains in 2019 explained that their research did not involve the killing of any actual pigs, but “used brain tissue retrieved after death from pigs used for food production.” Though around 300 pig brains from USDA-approved food production facilities were used in the research, the authors assure readers : “No animals died for this study.” Research is positioned as an act of salvaging waste; the killing happens elsewhere. The pig brain tissue was left over, and some good ought to come of it. This was Baumgartner’s logic exactly, and it is an explanation that may allow scientists to avoid stringent animal testing regulations.

Hoenig's second book, The Pit: Photographic Portrait of the Chicago Trading Floor was published in April, 2017, inspired by the 1903 Frank Norris novel of the same name. By using this service, you agree that you will only keep content for personal use, and will not openly distribute them via Dropbox, Google Drive or other file sharing services

Call Someone a “Male Chauvinist Pig”? What Does It Mean to Call Someone a “Male Chauvinist Pig”?

A sweeping history of pigs in the United States from before the arrival of Europeans to today. In Anderson’s clear, brisk, and clever history, these animals appear as wild beasts roaming forests, domesticates in farm pens, commodities in railcars, corpses on slaughterhouse hooks, meat at the ends of butchers’ knives, consumer products in Walmart coolers, nourishment in human stomachs, and as transplanted hearts thumping away in human chests. It’s fun to read.” In previous times like these, where the rich got richer and the poor and working class rode the rails, we would have heard the excoriations of economic populists and echoes of TR’s ‘malefactors of great wealth’ and FDR’s ‘forces of entrenched greed’.Anderson’s investigation is thorough, focusing on economic and social impacts, and, when appropriate, unflinching."

Pigs in China: From Curious Omnivores to A History of Pigs in China: From Curious Omnivores to

This joke’s-on-you position could be private. “You know, you’re a male chauvinist pig,” President Richard Nixon joked to his attorney general, John Mitchell, in 1971, in a secret tape, as discussions of how to nominate a woman to the Supreme Court drifted into casual sexism. Or it could be public. Like the buffoonery of tennis champ Bobby Riggs, whose iconic battle of the sexes with Billie Jean King pitted a fun-loving playboy against the all-too-serious feminist: “I don’t mind being called a male chauvinist pig,” Riggs said, “as long as I’m the No. 1 male chauvinist pig.” This embrace of what was meant to be derogatory rendered the real complaints of women unserious. By the 1990s, Rush Limbaugh proudly called himself a pig. He could take a joke; why couldn’t the women he called “feminazis”? Pearls before Swine: Plant-Derived Wastes to Produce Low-Cholesterol Meat from Farmed Pigs—A Bibliometric Analysis Combined to Meta-Analytic Studies. According to Forbes‘s 35th annual ranking of billionaires, last year witnessed a population explosion. Some 660 new billionaires were added to the number for a total of 2,755. That’s awesome. As is the fact that Julia, who spent a full year reporting this challenging story, promptly heard from a Senate committee that will use her work in their own investigation of Universal Health Services. There’s no doubt her revelations will continue to have a big impact in the months and years to come.

The next day, the Facebook account Marxist Memes shared the post, and as of June 2017, the picture (shown below) has received more than 3,000 reactions and 480 shares. [10] About a month later, Redditor jncdriver posted the image in /r/FULLCOMMUNISM, [9] garnering more than 1,400 points (99% upvoted). Yet comparable claims of similarity could be made—and were—for dogs, sheep, goats, horses, and a great many other species besides. Using pigs was partly a matter of personal or laboratory style; not so coincidentally, many institutions that adopted this style were located in or near major agricultural centers. And while “experimental” pigs were promised different futures than their table-bound kin, both would fall prey to the same developments in veterinary and agricultural knowledge. Initially a spinoff of industrial production, like fetal pigs, miniature swine generated new synergies between agriculture and basic science: laboratory studies produced improvements in pork production and vice versa. Among the earliest mentions of Porky still available online comes from 4chan's /pol/ board. [4] On June 4th, 2015, an Anonymous user posted a picture of Porky (shown below, left) and said, "Where did this picture come from? Are there really communists who post here? I thought all the SJWs hated 4chan." In the thread, one member mentions Porky by name (shown below, right). The anonymous user, "Actually Porky was originally drawed that way." Use state capitalism and market incentives to build the economic wealth that can be translated into the growth to enable China to ascend to a level of power where it is indisputably the first nation on earth? W hile Big Pork pushed fetal pigs onto classroom tables, one specific pork product—Spam—was central to the next important development in porcine science: the experimental minipig. The connection should come as no surprise: where science and hogs meet, the question of edibility is never far off.