Whether you’re on the lookout for cheap fizzy drinks, cordial or fruit juice, affordable alcohol or low-cost teas and coffees, B&M has the ideal range for shoppers on a budget. The study was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki and ICH-GCP. All participants were randomized with minimization by age, sex, subjective dry mouth score, and BMI into two groups, i.e., study group (OMJ) and control group (GC). The outcome measures were evaluated at 0, 1, and 2 months after interventions. The primary outcome measure included subjective dry mouth scores. The secondary outcome measures comprised objective dry mouth scores, subjective swallowing problem score, water-swallowing time, clinical nutritional status, energy intake, and body weight. Throughout the study, all participants were asked to daily record their use of product in the subject diaries to ensure adherence to the intervention protocol. Any adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, swollen lips, and a rash were recorded. Outcomes Subjective dry mouth score Bauer J, Capra S, Ferguson M (2002) Use of the scored patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) as a nutrition assessment tool in patients with cancer. Eur J Clin Nutr 56:779–785 Whatever you need - from multibuy beers for a big gathering to a soothing cup of cocoa alone in the evening - you’ll find everything for the best possible price at B&M.

The protocol of this work can be accessed at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03035825?term=NCT03035825&rank=1 Ethics

This study had been approved by the Ethics Committee of Chonburi Cancer Hospital (COA. No. 7/2016), the Mahidol University Central Institutional Review Board (COA. No. 2017/163.0809), and the Ethics committee of Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University (COA. No. DENTSWU-EC26/2560). Study design, blinding, random allocation, and concealment Nevertheless, there are limitations of this study. First, we advised the participant to swallow OMJ but apply GC topically in the mouth. Since the participant who used GC did not spit it out, they may swallow some GC gel. This may explain the equal effect between GC and OMJ to improve swallowing time. Therefore, future studies should consider other kinds of saliva substitutes which really cannot be swallowed such as mouth wash. Second, this study included all patients who had dry mouth problems regardless of the radiation dose they received. Nevertheless, we tried to balance the radiation dose in both groups to achieve equal average of 33 fractions of radiation (66 Gy). Future studies should include stratification of radiation dose and compare the effect of saliva substitutes in various doses of radiation. Third, this study had no placebo control. Thus, the effect of saliva substitutes cannot be completely distinguished from self-recovery effect. Last, other factors such as self-compliance and social support were not included in data collection and analysis. Since this is considered the first study exploring the effect of saliva substitutes on nutrition, further large-scale studies with better design to manage the above-mentioned confounders are warranted. Water swallowing test (WST) was used to evaluate swallowing ability [ 16]. Each participant was asked to swallow 30 ml of room temperature water and the swallowing time was recorded. Normal swallowing time for adult age below 60 is between 0 and 5 s, while that of elderly age above 60 is between 0 and 7 s. Swallowing time longer than the normal range suggests abnormal swallowing [ 16]. Clinical nutritional status Adverse events were observed only in the GC group but not in OMJ group. In this study, five flavors of GC dry mouth gels were available including lemon, orange, mint, raspberry, and fruit-salad. In contrast, OMJ had only one flavor of strawberry. In fact, a previous study reported that a flavoring agent peppermint was associated with burning mouth and oral ulceration [ 28]. Interestingly, we observed that all participants with adverse events were those who used mint flavored GC gel. Therefore, the mouth pain and mouth ulcer were likely results of allergic reaction to mint flavor. Taken together, mint flavor should not be used for saliva substitute products. Strawberry flavored product seemed to be non-allergenic and more suitable for patients with xerostomia.

Whether you’re a lover of Coca-Cola, Schweppes, Tango, Fanta, 7-Up or Sprite, or you’re on the lookout for sparkling, still or tonic water, you’ll find all of these products and many more amongst our soft drinks range. Osailan SM, Pramanik R, Shirlaw P, Proctor GB, Challacombe SJ (2012) Clinical assessment of oral dryness: development of a scoring system related to salivary flow and mucosal wetness. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 114:597–603Since the complete data from 62 participants provided adequate power of over 0.9, per protocol analysis was used with no needs for imputation. All statistical analyses were performed by a researcher who was blinded to randomization. Graphing and statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism v. 7. Power analysis and sample size calculation were performed using G-power v.3.0.10. A significance level of 5% ( p< 0.05) was used for all analyses. Normality of data distribution was assessed by D’Agostino and Pearson normality test. Participant characteristics with numerical scale were compared between groups by using unpaired t test. Comparison of baseline categorical data was analyzed by using Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square test as specified. Repeated measure ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser correction followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used to compare changes in numerical outcome measures among 0, 1, and 2 months in the same group. Changes in objective dry mouth scores, subjective swallowing problem scores, and swallowing times after intervention were compared and categorized as same (similar scores to baseline), better (lower scores than baseline), or worse outcomes (higher scores than baseline). Comparison of outcome measures between OMJ and GC groups at the same time point was analyzed by using unpaired t test and chi-square test for numerical and categorical data, respectively. Correlation between subjective dry mouth score and subjective swallowing difficulty score were analyzed by using Pearson correlation analysis. Braam PM, Roesink JM, Moerland MA, Raaijmakers CP, Schipper M, Terhaard CH (2005) Long-term parotid gland function after radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62(3):659–664