Games played in Mesoamerica with rubber balls by indigenous peoples are also well-documented as existing since before this time, but these had more similarities to basketball or volleyball, and no links have been found between such games and modern football sports. Northeastern American Indians, especially the Iroquois Confederation, played a game which made use of net racquets to throw and catch a small ball; however, although it is a ball-goal foot game, lacrosse (as its modern descendant is called) is likewise not usually classed as a form of "football". [ citation needed] Oceania Super Bowl LVII: Kansas City Chiefs (AFC,14-3) defeated Philadelphia Eagles (NFC,14-3), Score: 38-35 Harvey, Adrian (2005). Football, the First Hundred Years. Routledge. pp.95–99. ISBN 978-0-415-35019-8. Archived from the original on 1 May 2017 . Retrieved 23 September 2016.

Giossos, Yiannis; Sotiropoulos, Aristomenis; Souglis, Athanasios; Dafopoulou, Georgia (1 January 2011). "Reconsidering on the Early Types of Football" (PDF). Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. 3 (2). doi: 10.2478/v10131-011-0013-5. S2CID 55758320. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 July 2018 . Retrieved 6 July 2018. The governing body is the "Fédération de soccer du Québec" ". Federation-soccer.qc.ca. Archived from the original on 4 March 2012 . Retrieved 16 April 2012. Sports". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021 . Retrieved 20 April 2021.a b "The Foot-Ball Club in Edinburgh, 1824–1841 – The National Archives of Scotland". Government of the United Kingdom. 13 November 2007. Archived from the original on 22 January 2013 . Retrieved 19 June 2010. History of Football – Britain, the home of Football". FIFA. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013 . Retrieved 15 June 2018. Wangerin, David (2008). Soccer in a football world: the story of America's forgotten game. Philadelphia: Temple University Press . Retrieved 23 June 2020. Super Bowl LII: Philadelphia Eagles (NFC,13-3) defeated New England Patriots (AFC,13-3), Score: 41-33

worldrugby.org. "IRFB Formed". world.rugby. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021 . Retrieved 7 November 2019. See also: Episkyros and Cuju Ancient China A painting depicting Emperor Taizu of Song playing cuju (i.e. Chinese football) with his prime minister Zhao Pu (趙普) and other ministers, by the Yuan dynasty artist Qian Xuan (1235–1305) Apart from Rugby football, the public school codes have barely been played beyond the confines of each school's playing fields. However, many of them are still played at the schools which created them (see Surviving UK school games below). Derek Baker (England in the Later Middle Ages). 1995. Boydell & Brewer. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-85115-648-4 football, game in which two teams of 11 players, using any part of their bodies except their hands and arms, try to maneuver the ball into the opposing team’s goal. Only the goalkeeper is permitted to handle the ball and may do so only within the penalty area surrounding the goal. The team that scores more goals wins.

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Another important difference at this stage could be noticed between English and Scottish teams. Whereas the English teams preferred to run forward with the ball in a more rugby fashion, the Scottish chose to pass the ball between their players. It would be the Scottish approach that soon became predominant. Freestyle football – participants are graded for their entertainment value and expression of skill. A football", in the sense of a ball rather than a game, was first mentioned in 1486. [42] This reference is in Dame Juliana Berners' Book of St Albans. It states: "a certain rounde instrument to play with ...it is an instrument for the foote and then it is calde in Latyn 'pila pedalis', a fotebal". [38] During the early 1860s, there were increasing attempts in England to unify and reconcile the various public school games. In 1862, J. C. Thring, who had been one of the driving forces behind the original Cambridge Rules, was a master at Uppingham School, and he issued his own rules of what he called "The Simplest Game" (these are also known as the Uppingham Rules). In early October 1863, another new revised version of the Cambridge Rules was drawn up by a seven member committee representing former pupils from Harrow, Shrewsbury, Eton, Rugby, Marlborough and Westminster.

The International Rugby Football Board (IRFB) was founded in 1886, [126] but rifts were beginning to emerge in the code. Professionalism had already begun to creep into the various codes of football. Reilly, Thomas; Gilbourne, D. (2003). "Science and football: a review of applied research in the football code". Journal of Sports Sciences. 21 (9): 693–705. doi: 10.1080/0264041031000102105. PMID 14579867. S2CID 37880342.

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Because football is a rough game, players wear equipment to protect themselves. They wear padding on their shoulders, hips, thighs, and knees. They also wear a mouth guard and a helmet with a face mask. Football clubs have existed since the 15th century, but unorganized and without official status. It is therefore hard to decide which the first football club was. Some historians suggest that it was the Foot-Ball Club formed 1824 in Edinburgh. Early clubs were often formed by former school students and the first of this kind was formed in Sheffield in 1855. The oldest among professional football clubs is the English club Notts County that was formed in 1862 and still exists today. The boom in rail transport in Britain during the 1840s meant that people were able to travel farther and with less inconvenience than they ever had before. Inter-school sporting competitions became possible. However, it was difficult for schools to play each other at football, as each school played by its own rules. The solution to this problem was usually that the match be divided into two-halves, one half played by the rules of the host "home" school, and the other half by the visiting "away" school. Super Bowl LIV: Kansas City Chiefs (AFC,12-4) defeated San Francisco 49ers (NFC,13-3), Score: 31-20

Several of the football codes are the most popular team sports in the world. [9] Globally, association football is played by over 250 million players in over 200 nations, [134] and has the highest television audience in sport, [135] making it the most popular in the world. [136] American football, with 1.1million high school football players and nearly 70,000 college football players, is the most popular sport in the United States, [137] [138] with the annual Super Bowl game accounting for nine of the top ten of the most watched broadcasts in U.S. television history. [139] The NFL has the highest average attendance (67,591) of any professional sports league in the world and has the highest revenue [140] out of any single professional sports league. [141] Thus, the best association football and American football players are among the highest paid athletes in the world. [142] [143] [144] The New Encyclopædia Britannica, 2007 Edition: "In ancient Greece a game with elements of football, episkuros, or harpaston, was played, and it had migrated to Rome as harpastum by the 2nd century BC".

Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle (London, England), Sunday, 13 January 1839. New Readerships Rugby football split into Rugby union, Rugby league, American football, and Canadian football. Tom Wills played Rugby football in England before founding Australian rules football.