In [218]: bh = pd . offsets . BusinessHour ( start = "17:00" , end = "09:00" ) In [219]: bh Out[219]: In [220]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-08-01 17:00" ) + bh Out[220]: Timestamp('2014-08-01 18:00:00') In [221]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-08-01 23:00" ) + bh Out[221]: Timestamp('2014-08-02 00:00:00') # Although 2014-08-02 is Saturday, # it is valid because it starts from 08-01 (Friday). In [222]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-08-02 04:00" ) + bh Out[222]: Timestamp('2014-08-02 05:00:00') # Although 2014-08-04 is Monday, # it is out of business hours because it starts from 08-03 (Sunday). In [223]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-08-04 04:00" ) + bh Out[223]: Timestamp('2014-08-04 18:00:00') the next business hour start or previous day’s end. Different from other offsets, BusinessHour.rollforward Moreover, I also want to mark the days around the third Fridays with different values, e.g. day +1 after third_friday is 1 and day+2 is 2. To do that, I wrote a second for loop. Here the full example: for beg in pd.bdate_range("2000-01-01", "2017-05-01"): ts = pd . Timestamp ( 2022 , 12 , 9 , 15 ) >>> ts + pd . offsets . BusinessDay ( normalize = True ) Timestamp('2022-12-12 00:00:00') In [485]: rng_hourly . tz_localize ( "US/Eastern" , ambiguous = "infer" ) Out[485]: DatetimeIndex(['2011-11-06 00:00:00-04:00', '2011-11-06 01:00:00-04:00', '2011-11-06 01:00:00-05:00', '2011-11-06 02:00:00-05:00'], dtype='datetime64[ns, US/Eastern]', freq=None) In [486]: rng_hourly . tz_localize ( "US/Eastern" , ambiguous = "NaT" ) Out[486]: DatetimeIndex(['2011-11-06 00:00:00-04:00', 'NaT', 'NaT', '2011-11-06 02:00:00-05:00'], dtype='datetime64[ns, US/Eastern]', freq=None) In [487]: rng_hourly . tz_localize ( "US/Eastern" , ambiguous = [ True , True , False , False ]) Out[487]: DatetimeIndex(['2011-11-06 00:00:00-04:00', '2011-11-06 01:00:00-04:00', '2011-11-06 01:00:00-05:00', '2011-11-06 02:00:00-05:00'], dtype='datetime64[ns, US/Eastern]', freq=None) Nonexistent times when localizing #

BUSINESS_DATE += "', Next (" + DAY_NAME[TOMORROW.weekday()] + "):'" + TOMORROW.strftime('%y%m%d') + "']" Cell In [ 489 ], line 1 ----> 1 dti . tz_localize ( 'Europe/Warsaw' ) File ~/work/pandas/pandas/pandas/core/indexes/datetimes.py:291, in DatetimeIndex.tz_localize (self, tz, ambiguous, nonexistent) 284 @doc ( DatetimeArray . tz_localize ) 285 def tz_localize ( 286 self , ( ... ) 289 nonexistent : TimeNonexistent = "raise" , 290 ) -> Self : --> 291 arr = self . _data . tz_localize ( tz , ambiguous , nonexistent ) 292 return type ( self ) . _simple_new ( arr , name = self . name ) File ~/work/pandas/pandas/pandas/core/arrays/_mixins.py:80, in ravel_compat..method (self, *args, **kwargs) 77 @wraps ( meth ) 78 def method ( self , * args , ** kwargs ): 79 if self . ndim == 1 : ---> 80 return meth ( self , * args , ** kwargs ) 82 flags = self . _ndarray . flags 83 flat = self . ravel ( "K" ) File ~/work/pandas/pandas/pandas/core/arrays/datetimes.py:1066, in DatetimeArray.tz_localize (self, tz, ambiguous, nonexistent) 1063 tz = timezones . maybe_get_tz ( tz ) 1064 # Convert to UTC -> 1066 new_dates = tzconversion . tz_localize_to_utc ( 1067 self . asi8 , 1068 tz , 1069 ambiguous = ambiguous , 1070 nonexistent = nonexistent , 1071 creso = self . _creso , 1072 ) 1073 new_dates_dt64 = new_dates . view ( f "M8[ { self . unit } ]" ) 1074 dtype = tz_to_dtype ( tz , unit = self . unit ) File tzconversion.pyx:426, in pandas._libs.tslibs.tzconversion.tz_localize_to_utc () NonExistentTimeError: 2015-03-29 02:30:00 Holiday: Christmas (month=12, day=25, observance=), In [260]: from pandas.tseries.holiday import ( .....: Holiday , .....: USMemorialDay , .....: AbstractHolidayCalendar , .....: nearest_workday , .....: MO , .....: ) .....: In [261]: class ExampleCalendar ( AbstractHolidayCalendar ): .....: rules = [ .....: USMemorialDay , .....: Holiday ( "July 4th" , month = 7 , day = 4 , observance = nearest_workday ), .....: Holiday ( .....: "Columbus Day" , .....: month = 10 , .....: day = 1 , .....: offset = pd . DateOffset ( weekday = MO ( 2 )), .....: ), .....: ] .....: In [262]: cal = ExampleCalendar () In [263]: cal . holidays ( datetime . datetime ( 2012 , 1 , 1 ), datetime . datetime ( 2012 , 12 , 31 )) Out[263]: DatetimeIndex(['2012-05-28', '2012-07-04', '2012-10-08'], dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq=None) hint :In [256]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-01-02" ) + pd . offsets . MonthBegin ( n = 0 ) Out[256]: Timestamp('2014-02-01 00:00:00') In [257]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-01-02" ) + pd . offsets . MonthEnd ( n = 0 ) Out[257]: Timestamp('2014-01-31 00:00:00') In [258]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-01-01" ) + pd . offsets . MonthBegin ( n = 0 ) Out[258]: Timestamp('2014-01-01 00:00:00') In [259]: pd . Timestamp ( "2014-01-31" ) + pd . offsets . MonthEnd ( n = 0 ) Out[259]: Timestamp('2014-01-31 00:00:00') Holidays / holiday calendars # Is there an easy fix so that I can replace the "D" with something else or do I have to rewrite everything? In [13]: friday = pd . Timestamp ( "2018-01-05" ) In [14]: friday . day_name () Out[14]: 'Friday' # Add 1 day In [15]: saturday = friday + pd . Timedelta ( "1 day" ) In [16]: saturday . day_name () Out[16]: 'Saturday' # Add 1 business day (Friday --> Monday) In [17]: monday = friday + pd . offsets . BDay () In [18]: monday . day_name () Out[18]: 'Monday' The bins of the grouping are adjusted based on the beginning of the day of the time series starting point. This works well with frequencies that are multiples of a day (like 30D) or that divide a day evenly (like 90s or 1min). This can create inconsistencies with some frequencies that do not meet this criteria. To change this behavior you can specify a fixed Timestamp with the argument origin.

Here is what it can do by creating a pandas DatetimeIndex of all of the valid open hours for the NYSE: import pandas_market_calendars as mcalThis particular day contains a day light savings time transition In [146]: ts = pd . Timestamp ( "2016-10-30 00:00:00" , tz = "Europe/Helsinki" ) # Respects absolute time In [147]: ts + pd . Timedelta ( days = 1 ) Out[147]: Timestamp('2016-10-30 23:00:00+0200', tz='Europe/Helsinki') # Respects calendar time In [148]: ts + pd . DateOffset ( days = 1 ) Out[148]: Timestamp('2016-10-31 00:00:00+0200', tz='Europe/Helsinki') In [149]: friday = pd . Timestamp ( "2018-01-05" ) In [150]: friday . day_name () Out[150]: 'Friday' # Add 2 business days (Friday --> Tuesday) In [151]: two_business_days = 2 * pd . offsets . BDay () In [152]: friday + two_business_days Out[152]: Timestamp('2018-01-09 00:00:00') In [153]: ( friday + two_business_days ) . day_name () Out[153]: 'Tuesday' This is because one day’s business hour end is equal to next day’s business hour start. For example, In [236]: dates_lst_1 = pd . date_range ( "2020-01-06" , "2020-04-03" , freq = "MS" ) In [237]: dates_lst_1 Out[237]: DatetimeIndex(['2020-02-01', '2020-03-01', '2020-04-01'], dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='MS') In [238]: dates_lst_2 = pd . date_range ( "2020-01-01" , "2020-04-01" , freq = "MS" ) In [239]: dates_lst_2 Out[239]: DatetimeIndex(['2020-01-01', '2020-02-01', '2020-03-01', '2020-04-01'], dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='MS')