If you live in a hard water area, you will see white deposits on the outside of the amphora, even after cleaning. This is normal with terracotta and does not effect the function of the amphora. Any special tips on water purification for home brewers? The main increase of minerals in the amphora-conditioned water was in magnesium. Magnesium is important for heart and circulation health and its bioavailability is greater in water than in food. Please note, the amphoras do not soften tap water. Cools Water, Improves Taste, Texture and Aroma

Beyond Spain, botijos have been held up as a solution for sustainably cooling water across the world. In 2014, two researchers identified regions where botijos could potentially be used. They considered four parameters: air humidity, average temperature, access to drinking water and the presence of clay. It turns out that there are large swaths of the planet meet all these conditions: most of Africa and Australia, large parts of Europe and Asia, and some regions of North and South America. Bacterial colony counts were also kept lower in the amphora than in untreated tap water. Water from the tap should be free of the bacteria, however, colonies do appear over time. On average tap water forms 1 colony of bacteria at 22 degrees Celsius over 3 days and 3 colonies at 37 degrees Celsius over 2 days. Water conditioned in the amphora overnight showed less than 1 colony at on days 2 and 3. Water conditioned in the clay amphora shows none of the following bacteria at all: Coliforms, Eschererichia coli, Enterococci or Sulphite reducing Clostridia. One last thing – I can’t say enough good things about Sally, who helpfully answered all my awkward questions in great detail. She’s a goldmine of information when it comes to all things healthy. With the ideal location, the need to clean the pot is reduced and the pot produces better water. We keep ours next to the sink in the kitchen, in a sturdy porcelain bowl on a wooden counter. The amphoras sized 1 – 7 litres will fit on a kitchen counter under wall cupboards, if the kitchen fittings are built to standard heights. Yet botijos have become a relic of the past. They were handy in old rural Spain, where people worked the fields under a scorching sun and houses did not have electricity. But today, there are fewer farmers than ever, and it’s hard to find a house without a refrigerator. Why would someone drink from a heavy clay jug when they can comfortably use a glass? Orellana stands in his workshop, next to a drawing of his father, who was also a potter. Ignacio AmigoIf the pot has accumulated deposits on the outside, you will need to clean your amphora straight away. How frequently you need to clean the amphora will vary with your water quality, the weather, how you heat your house, where your pot is kept etc. No, please empty the amphora and leave the cork off or ajar so that air can circulate on the inside. Can you leave the water in the amphora for more than 8 hours? The 25L amphora is mainly used by home brewers to de-chlorinate and purify the water used in the brew liquor and other customers use it for the storage of dried goods such as beans and rice. Keep the 25L amphora on the ground and fill it up with a large jug. These large amphoras are too large for regular use and I would recommend getting several of the smaller-sized amphoras if you have large water requirements. According to José Ginés, one of José Martín’s sons, his father was a patron of artists and craftsmen, who happened to have a thing for botijos. Due to his job, he often worked with potters and ceramists and regularly commissioned them to produce his favorite jugs. “He went to the artisans and told them, ‘Do whatever you want! I’ll buy it!’” recalls José Ginés. Martín’s botijo collection spans decades and styles. Ignacio Amigo Arsenic. Arsenic enters water though natural processes as well as industrial contamination. Long term exposure is harmful and can lead to cancer. Our values were reduced from 1 micrograms out of the tap to less than 0.27 micrograms after conditioning the tap water in the amphora.

Still, botijos hold a fascination for people across Spain. Part of it stems from a feeling of nostalgia. A rural exodus during the 60s and 70s swept Spaniards into cities. Many of today’s urban dwellers love the jugs as a reminder of the villages their parents and grandparents came from, where botijos were part of everyday life. Spaniards appreciate botijos as symbols of their roots, even if they use them only occasionally. But behind its apparent simplicity, the details of the botijo’s cooling system are incredibly complex. In the 1990s, two Spanish scientists developed a mathematical model to explain the details. They placed botijos in an oven and measured the water evaporation rate and the temperature drop over time. In the end, they came up with two lengthy and complicated differential equations to explain the mechanism. Plus, they’re very collectible. There are a surprising number of botijo museums and collections across Spain. One of the latter can be found in Pampaneira, another village of the Alpujarra mountains, just a few miles uphill from Las Barreras. It was the pride and joy of José Martín Aragón, a local trader who passed away 20 years ago. Many of Martín’s botijos are more art than appliance. Ignacio AmigoRather like the skin, the amphora sweats out toxins – these form on the outside of the amphora. This increases the purity of the water inside the amphora and helps to cool the water within. The bowl will catch all the drips and keep your floor or work surface dry. Empty the bowl as needed to prevent it over-flowing. The amphora-conditioned water is more energetic and carries more electrical charges – the conditioned water saw a rise in conductivity from 698 to 742 uS/cm. The result indicates that the conditioned water is richer in electrolytes. By contrast, reverse osmosis and distilled water carry very low electrical currents and water treated to reduce conductivity is not as healthy for us and not considered fit for drinking. On average our tap water is pH 7. Water which had been conditioned in the amphora overnight showed an increase in alkalinity to pH 7.8. Scientifically minded customers will know that the pH scale is logarithmic, and so this represents a large increase. Alkaline water is much better for us. Reduces Bacteria

Make sure that you have chosen a sturdy waterproof glazed ceramic bowl, or a glass bowl on which to stand the amphora – These pots are fired to retain some permeability in the body of the clay and need to stand on a bowl to collect any water they release.

Amphora Pots for Water Purification

The collection now belongs to Martín’s children, who keep it in a large and dusty attic that is only opened on request. The attic is cluttered with botijos on tables, shelves, closets, and the floor. There’s just enough space to walk from one room to another. They estimate the collection has between 800 and 1,000 jugs. Tests on our amphora have shown that they do perform natural water purification. They purify, detoxify, condition and energise tap water.

Although you can find them in many different shapes and colors, most botijos share a few features: round, with a handle on top and two holes, one on each side. One of the holes is wide, and used to fill the jug. The other one is at the end of a spout. When drinkers heft the jug into the air, it pours a thin stream of water into their mouths. (Touching the spout with your lips is taboo.) The botijo Argárico de Beniaján is the oldest such jug found in Spain so far. Public Domain Our laboratory tests on water which has been conditioned in our traditional clay amphora overnight have produced exciting results. Water Purity Assured There is some suggestion too, that following these natural flow forms, clusters of water molecules reduce in size: customers report that the amphora-conditioned water feels more liquid in the mouth, more refreshing in the stomach and overall more hydrating. How to Use an Amphora Pot Preparing your Amphora for Natural Water PurificationThe hotter the weather, the greater the ability of the amphoras to cool water. An experiment conducted on the 1 litre amphora, showed that indoor when the room temperature was 23°C the water inside the amphora was at 19°C when the amphora was taken outside, the external temperature was 41°C the water from inside the amphora measured 22°C. The amphora is almost like a natural refrigerator, reducing the temperature of the water by 19°C. All without using expensive electricity! Chlorides. Some chloride occurs naturally in water, but all water companies introduce chloride to kill bacteria and to deodorise the taste and aroma of the water. Conditioning tap water in our clay amphoras, reduces the chloride levels and makes the water much more palatable. Ammonia. Ammonia, finds its way into water from natural causes but also from fertilizers and other industrial processes. Some water companies use a process called chloramination to add ammonia to water to prolong the effects of chloride. Our test results showed a 50% reduction.