Disadvantage: There is a greater risk of bleeding and a chance of skin irritation, malignancy, fever, impaired cutaneous thermal sensation, or skin damage due to ionising radiation The woman is asked to sit in a basin (tub) filled with warm water (45-59℃), without pressure on the perineum, with her feet flat on the floor for 10 minutes

Hemorrhoids and painful bowel movements. Trying to have a bowel movement can be one of the scariest parts about postpartum life. It’s common to be nervous about aggravating an already sensitive area, especially if you have stitches. You may also experience hemorrhoids, which are swollen veins in your anus or lower rectum. Vaginal discharge. After delivery, your body needs to get rid of the membrane that lined your uterus during pregnancy. It does this through vaginal discharge, called lochia, which will be red and heavy for the first few days. This will start to become more watery and change to pinkish brown to yellowish white. Light bleeding and discharge can last up to six weeks after birth. Weight loss. Most women lose about 13 pounds after delivering the baby, placenta, and amniotic fluid. You may still look pregnant for a few days after birth as your body continues to get rid of extra fluid. These tears and cuts often cause pain and the mother may have difficulty walking or sitting comfortably, or to feed and care for her baby, Perineal tears are common during childbirth. In addition, sometimes the person attending the birth cuts the perineum to give extra room for the baby to be born (an episiotomy).

Water retention. Also called postpartum edema, this happens when your body retains water due to an excess of a hormone called progesterone. This usually lasts until a week or so after birth. You spend so many months preparing for your little one's arrival that postpartum items you'll need, like pads, are often forgotten. For many days, even weeks, immediately following delivery, you'll want to have high-absorbency pads on hand. After not having a menstrual cycle for several months, postpartum bleeding will likely feel like the longest (and heaviest) period of your life. An infrared lamp is placed at a distance of 45 cm from the perineum, and the heat is produced at 230 volts for 10 minutes

Hair loss. During pregnancy, extra hormones cause extra hair growth. When these hormone levels drop, you’ll start to shed the excess hair. This can keep going for up to five months after giving birth.

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Both procedures can be used and are effective in the prevention and fast healing of the wound. However, puerperal mothers who received infrared lamp therapy on their episiotomy wound experienced faster wound healing and less pain than those who took a warm sitz bath. The application of infrared lamp therapy has a significant effect on reducing episiotomy pain and promoting wound healing among postnatal mothers[ 32]. The primary goal of medical treatment in the modern era, when medical care and treatment expenses are increasing, is to offer affordable care to patients. If nurses and midwives recognise the importance of their care in episiotomy wound healing, they can provide therapies that are both effective and affordable. The greatest method to give consideration is to enable nurses and other medical professionals to adjust their routines[ 33].

Thankfully, there are many great postpartum pads on the market that offer more than just your regular coverage. Postpartum pads are typically better in absorbency because your body is releasing more blood than usual. Because your body is releasing the blood and tissue from your uterus that aided your baby's growth, it can be similar to a wound that needs healing. There was limited very low-certainty evidence that cooling treatment may reduce women's self-reported perineal pain within four to six hours (mean difference (MD) −4.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) −5.07 to −3.85 on a 10-point scale; 1 study, 100 participants) or between 24 and 48 hours of giving birth (risk ratio (RR) 0.73, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.94; 1 study, 316 participants). The evidence is very uncertain about the various measures of wound healing, for example, wound edges gaping when inspected five days after giving birth (RR 2.56, 95% CI 0.58 to 11.33; 1 study, 315 participants). Women generally rated their satisfaction with perineal care similarly following cooling or no treatment. The potential exception was that there may be a trivially lower mean difference of −0.1 on a five-point scale of psychospiritual comfort with cooling treatment, that is unlikely to be of clinical importance. With regular periods, you should be changing your pads every four to eight hours. If your flow is heavy, though, you'll want to change it more frequently to every two to four hours. While you don't know how long your bleeding will last, you can assume it may be for four weeks. For four weeks' worth of postpartum bleeding, with changing every four hours, you'll need a minimum of 150 pads. Any postpartum products you don't use can always be donated if you're worried about buying too many. We looked for evidence from randomised controlled trials on how effective localised cooling treatments are for reducing pain from damage to the area between the vagina and the anus, that is, 'perineal trauma', when giving birth. Tender breasts. Frequent feeding or pumping is the best way to prevent or reduce engorgement. Using a hot compress or taking a warm shower before nursing can help make it easier for your baby to latch while you’re engorged. A cold compress between feedings can help as well.The amount of pain you feel after childbirth and the time it lasts can vary greatly depending on your experience. Pain relief after childbirth is usually done with simple methods and over-the-counter products.

Postpartum swelling: For a few days after childbirth, you will be swollen in this area. Cooling pads can help to reduce the discomfort. A postnatal woman is asked to sit in a warm water tub up to the hip level for heating the episiotomy woundBecause everyone's body is different, this can vary depending on each person. Bleeding can last up to four to six weeks after birth, so you'll want to factor in that amount of time into how many pads you'll be buying. It's also important to note you should only be wearing pads, liners, or disposable underwear after giving birth (not tampons, menstrual cups, or any other device that needs to be inserted into the vagina). Another important method that is commonly used for episiotomy wound healing is a sitz bath. For a sitz bath, a person is asked to sit in a tub filled with water to their hip level. A sitz bath is often referred to as a hip bath. The term "sitz bath" is derived from the German word Sitzbad, meaning a bath ( bad) in which one sits ( sitzen). A sitz bath can be administered using warm or chilly water. However, to relieve the pain, itching, and discomfort, it is suggested that warm water be used for a sitz bath [ 15, 27]. The region between the rectum and the vulva, or scrotum, is known as the perineum, which is cleaned with a sitz bath, warm water, and a shallow bath [ 28]. Additionally, a sitz bath helps ease discomfort or itchiness in the vaginal area. In addition to preventing soreness and a burning sensation around the perineum, the benefits of using a sitz bath include minimising perineal irritation, inflammation, and swelling. Indications for using a sitz bath are haemorrhoids, anorectal infections, operations, and postpartum mothers who gave birth vaginally [ 29]. Perineal pain: During labor, your perineum will have to stretch considerably to allow your baby to pass through the birth canal and into the world. The stretching can cause tearing or require stitches — both of which could be painful for weeks afterward (1). Why it’s a winner: According to our testers, these pads fall into the category of products that will make your post-birth days easier, but which you might not think to buy for yourself. Judges found the pads are easy to use (you just squeeze them to rupture the inner chamber and shake to activate) and felt the cooling effect really set these apart from standard maternity pads. They’re not cheap, but we felt well worth the money to help relieve soreness after birth.