The Pentateuch. The Pentateuch refers to the first five of the Bible’s Old Testament books and the first of five Old Testament sections. It is has long been called by the Greek word Pentateuch, derived from pente (five) and teuchos (scroll or vessel). May 22 2019 What is the difference between the Torah and the Pentateuch?

The Torah: a Quick Overview of the Pentateuch - OverviewBible

While it is possible to conclude as some have that the witness of the Pentateuch itself to Mosaic authorship can be understood as confirming only that certain portions of the text were written by Moses, there is nevertheless other credible biblical evidence to support his writing of the text. And while it would seem that certain portions of the Pentateuch were additions from later periods of Israel's history (see, Wolf 1991:58-60), it does not invalidate that Moses could have written the majority of the text. For example, the declaration of the humility of Moses (Num 12:3) would hardly be convincing if it came from Moses' own judgment. Equally difficult to determine in the Book of Numbers is the origin of the Balaam story (Num 22-24). Since Moses was not a participant in these events, or even an observer of them, their origin as Scripture is somewhat problematic. These and other examples suggest later additions to the text of the writings. Nevertheless, there is reasonable evidence to support Mosaic authorship, and it is reasonable, therefore, to conclude along with both Jewish and Christian tradition, that authorship of the majority and essential content of the Pentateuch is to be ascribed to Moses. The person of Moses The evidences in favour of the Mosaic authorship of the Pentateuch are conclusive. We may thus state some of them briefly: The Meaning of the Pentateuch: Revelation, Composition and Interpretation Written by John H. Sailhamer The 10 Commandments: At Sinai, God gave the nation of Israel the 10 Commandments, His eternal spiritual law, as a blessing and a great benefit for all humanity. The 10 Commandments show the way to a right and proper relationship with God, leading to a life that is happy and fulfilled.

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Exodus ( full summary here) tells the story of how Israel exits Egypt (hence the name) and enters a covenant with God. The descendants of Abraham multiplied in Egypt, and so Pharaoh (part of the Egyptian pantheon) puts them to work as slaves. God then rescues the Israelites from both the oppressive Egyptian humans and their oppressive Egyptian gods.

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Then He said to them [the disciples], ‘These are the words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things must be fulfilled which were written in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms [Writings] concerning Me’” (Luke 24:44). This also is the uniform and persistent testimony of the Jews of all sects in all ages and countries (Compare Joshua 8:31 Joshua 8:32 ; 1Kings 2:3 ; Jeremiah 7:22 ; Ezra 6:18 ; Nehemiah 8:1 ; Malachi 4:4 ; Matthew 22:24 ; Acts 15:21 ). Deuteronomy is the last of the books of the Pentateuch and means “second telling of the law” or “repetition of the law.” The book begins with Moses’ discourse at the plains of Moab in the 11th month of the 40th year after the Exodus, and ends with the death of Moses and mourning for him that same year. The book is a restatement of previous laws, along with further instructions to the generation about to leave the wilderness and enter their home in the Promised Land. Love and devotion for God. Israelites couldn’t worship other deities, and because God’s temple was in their midst, the people maintained a degree of ritualistic purity. Article from Scofield Reference Notes (1917) (Public Domain) For over 90 years people have relied on this reference work in their daily study of God's Word. Written originally in 1909, C. I. Scofield's intent was to provide a concise but complete tool that would meet the need of someone just beginning to read the Bible.These books profess to have been written by Moses in the name of God ( Exodus 17:14 ; Exodus 24:3 Exodus 24:4 Exodus 24:7 ; Exodus 32:7-10 Exodus 32:30-34 ; 34:27 ; Leviticus 26:46 ; 27:34 ; Deuteronomy 31:9 Deuteronomy 31:24 Deuteronomy 31:25 ). The main narrative sections of the Pentateuch are concluded by poetic material sometimes followed by an epilogue (see, for example, Sailhamer 1990:7-8). For example, at the close of the patriarchal narratives stands the blessings of Jacob which are written in poetic form in Genesis 49 and an epilogue in chapter 50. The Exodus narratives are concluded by the song of Moses (Exodus 15) written in poetic form, and the wilderness wanderings are followed by Balaam's oracles (Num 23-24) written in poetic form. And at the end of the Pentateuch there is a double poetic section containing Moses' song of witness and blessing on the twelve tribes (Deut 32-33), followed by an epilogue (Deut 34). Continuity/unity in grammatical features This is a clear reference to the three divisions of the Old Testament. The first section, the Law, made up of the first five books of the Old Testament, became known as the Pentateuch. The five books of the Pentateuch (the Law)

The Meaning of the Pentateuch: Revelation, Composition, and The Meaning of the Pentateuch: Revelation, Composition, and

The first half of this book focuses on expectations for the Israelite priests: the people who maintained the tabernacle and performed religious rituals to God on behalf of the rest of the people. These priests all came from a subgroup of Israelites: the tribe of Levi. The book gets its name from the Levitical priesthood. 4. NumbersPentateuch means simply “five books”. In Greek, the Pentateuch (which Jews call the Torah) includes the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. What is the Pentateuch and why is it important? Not all of the laws in Deuteronomy are of an ethical nature. Ritualistic requirements, such as the prohibition of eating certain kinds of meat, sowing mixed seed in the same field, purification rites, and numerous ceremonies, are included along with the other laws. The nationalistic character of this legislation is illustrated in the fact that Hebrews and non-Hebrews are not subject to the same requirements. For example, animals that died a natural death could not be sold to the Hebrews for food but could be sold to foreigners. The treatment of slaves was another instance in which Israelites were entitled to privileges denied to foreigners. Exodus closes with Moses and the people constructing a portable temple (called the tabernacle). God then comes down from the mountaintop and fills the tabernacle—and just like that, the most powerful being in the cosmos moves in to a migrant camp of mortals. 3. Leviticus

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Joshua was not the only one to make this association, for it is recorded in 1 Kings 2:3 that just before he died David challenged Solomon to keep the decrees and commandments written in "the Law of Moses.” Also, 2 Kings 14:5-6 says of Amaziah that when he became king he killed his servants who had slain the king his father, but he did not put to death the sons of the slayers according to what is written in "the Book of the Law of Moses." And 2 Kings 18:6; 23:2 says that Josiah served the Lord with all his heart and soul "in accordance with all the law of Moses." From a Jewish perspective, the dominant figure of the Pentateuch and, to a certain extent, of the entire OT is Moses. Abraham plays a key role in Genesis, but his stature and accomplishments do not match those of Moses. Although Abraham was the founding father of Israel, Moses was the one who organized the nation, promulgated their laws, and, under God, led them for forty years through the wilderness. Throughout this time he was a prophet, a priest, and, in effect, a king/ruler as he directed every facet of Israel's national life. The NT highly praises both Abraham and Moses, but it was Moses who appeared on the Mount of Transfiguration, along with Elijah, to talk with Jesus (Matt 17:3-8). Biblical scholars are not all agreed on the date of the Patriarchal age (Kitchen 1966:41). There are three independent 'main lines' of approach, Kitchen (1966:42-43) argues, that can be taken to establish a chronological framework for this important period of Israel's history. One approach seeks to determine if any major events in the Patriarchal narratives can be linked with external history. Another approach seeks evidence of chronological data preserved in the details of the narratives, such as personal names, legal usages, etc., which can be correlated with possible use in the Near Eastern context recorded in other documents. A third approach gives consideration to possible chronological links between the Patriarchal era and later epochs. Major events and external historyThe sacrifices were a shadow of things to come, and they were only temporary “until the time of reformation” ( Hebrews 9:9-10; 10:1-3). When the Israelites were first brought out of Egypt, God did not give a command concerning the ritual sacrifices ( Jeremiah 7:22). They were added later as a means to teach the people obedience. Much has been written on an introduction to the Pentateuch, and the topics considered here are discussed in detail in other works, some of which are cited in the text and referenced in the bibliography. The intent here is to deal with these issues only to the extent necessary to carry out the goal of this work which is to develop a synthesis of each book of the Pentateuch. Some of these topics have a direct bearing on developing such a synthesis, while others provide a framework within which to better understand the Pentateuch. Authorship of the Pentateuch