For this guide, we will use a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor and control it through ULN2003 motor driver. 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

The 28-BYJ48 Stepper Motorsare one of the most commonly used stepper motors. You can find this or similarmotors in your DVD drives, Motion camera and many more similar devices. The motor has a 4 coil unipolar arrangement and each coil is rated for +5V hence it is relatively easy to control with any basic microcontrollers.stepper.moveTo(-3*SPR);//Same as above: Set the target motor position (i.e. turn motor for 3 full revolutions) Never step the A4988 without having a stepper hooked to it's outputs, it will likely fry it. For that matter, it may be advisable to not connect to your 12V power supply until your stepper motor are connected securely to each of the four outputs, on each of your A4988s. Precise Speed control– Precise increments in movements enable excellent control of rotational speed for process automation and robotics.

There are different ways to control stepper motors with a microcontroller. We’ll use the Arduino built-in Stepper.h library. This library provides an easy way to move the motor by a defined number of steps. Half-step mode: 8 step control signal sequence (recommended) 5.625 degrees per step / 64 steps per one revolution of the internal motor shaft Full Step mode: 4 step control signal sequence 11.25 degrees per step / 32 steps per one revolution of the internal motor shaft In the loop section of code, we simply call the step(steps)function which turns the motor a specific number of steps at a speed determined by the setSpeed(rpm)function. Passing a negative number to this function reverses the spinning direction of the motor. void loop() { The motor has 4 coils of wire that are powered in a sequence to make the magnetic motor shaft spin. When using the full-step method, 2 of the 4 coils are powered at each step. The default stepper library that comes pre-installed with the Arduino IDE uses this method. The 28BYH-48 datasheet specifies that the preferred method for driving this stepper is using the half-step method, where we first power coil 1 only, then coil 1 and 2 together, then coil 2 only and so on…With 4 coils, this means 8 different signals, like in the table below. Wiring the ULN2003 stepper motor driver to Arduino Uno These kind of motors are commonly used in your DVD drives, Motion camera and other similar applications. The motor has a 4 coil unipolar arrangement and each coil is rated for +5V hence it is relatively easy to control with any basic microcontrollers. These motors has a stride angle of 5.625°/64, this means that the motor will have to make 64 steps to complete one rotation and for every step it will cover a 5.625° hence the level of control is also high. However, these motors run only on 5V and hence cannot provide high torque, for high torque application you should consider the Nema17 motors. So if you are looking for a compact easy to use stepper motor with decent torque then this motor is the right choice for you.

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These are input pins used to provide control signals to the stepper motor such as control sequences. We will connect these pins with the GPIO pins of Raspberry Pi Pico. The orange and pink wires represent coil 1 and should be wired to 1A and 1B on the A4988. The yellow and blue wires represent coil 2 and should be wired to 2A and 2B. Normally I use NEMA 17 motors where I can, they are a really excellent motor and you will find them in almost every consumer 3D printer on the market. Unfortunately for me, there was absolutely no way for a NEMA 17 to fit inside this blind, the 28BYJ almost doesn’t!