Improves breathability: Lime mortar is porous, which allows moisture to escape from the wall. This helps to prevent moisture damage and improves the overall health of the building. Non-hydraulic lime is the softest and most breathable lime available. This means that it has a very slow set, and CO2 is only absorbed when certain conditions are met. Because of this, lime mortars and plasters made with non-hydraulic lime are the most suitable for conservation projects.

Other electrolytes: Potassium, calcium, and magnesium are additional electrolytes lost in smaller amounts through sweat. Therefore, powders containing small amounts of these nutrients may be beneficial. Sui Y, Ou C, Liu S et al (2020) Study on properties of waste concrete powder by thermal treatment and application in mortar. Appl Sci 10(3):998. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10030998 Considering the decarbonation reaction, the results show that the third peak is identified in all samples but tends to disappear for the samples pre-heated at 800 and 1000 °C. There has been more decomposition liberating CO 2 associated with the thermal pre-treatment at these temperatures, causing a decrease in the calcite phase content. Sabeur et al. [ 51] have stated that the new quantities of CaO produced by the decomposition of calcite and portlandite combine, but a decrease in calcite mass is noted for thermal treatment above 600 °C. At a temperature around 800 °C, a non-pronounced fourth peak is identified in all samples. However, in some samples (D400, D800, D1000), the third and fourth peaks cannot be well distinguished. This fourth peak is associated with very low or no mass loss. Therefore, it is related to a phase transformation assigned to the recrystallization of possible remaining calcite [ 30]. The contribution of these decompositions to the strength development was discussed in Sect. 3.1. 3.4 Porosity The shape of the temperature curve of the D600 pastes is closest to that of OPC. In the first minutes of rehydration, the temperature is about 7 °C warmer than for OPC. Stagnation is not evident, and the temperature rise occurs correspondingly earlier. The maximum temperature of 55 °C, nearly half that of OPC paste, is reached earlier than for OPC. Compared to OPC, the initial heat release of D600 is much higher. However, the acceleration peak is reached earlier because the periods are shorter. The smaller peak compared to OPC suggests that full reactivity cannot be restored with just a thermal treatment of 600 °C. Nevertheless, recognizing all hydration stages, especially the acceleration and deceleration periods, corresponds to the highest strength development. Different authors have stated that portlandite crystals grow into the interstices of the clinker grains during the acceleration period [ 44, 45, 46, 47]. The C–S–H forms around the silicate clinker surfaces and successively grows into the pore solution. This bridges spaces, which increases the viscosity of the cement paste. Solidification is reached when the intergranular voids are fully bridged. In addition, during the deceleration period, the remaining pore spaces are filled with C–S–H, which densifies the microstructure. This section specifies that the hydration of the HCP pre-treated at 600 °C behaves closest to the hydration of OPC compared to the other pre-treatment temperatures. 3.3 Identification of phase transitionsAfter 7 days, the porosity of all samples is similar because there is considerable water content, and the hydration reaction is still happening to a great extent. Besides, the high inaccessible porosity during the measurement of specimens cured for 7 days is also to be considered here. However, after 28 days, we observe that the specimen Rs200 has higher porosity. This could be due to the lower content of calcium silicates (Table 1) compared to the other specimens. On the other hand, the Rs600 after 28 days tends to show the lowest porosity specifying the highest degree of compactness and the least amount of void space, indicating an optimum thermal treatment at 600 °C with respect to setting dynamics of the rehydrated cement. Additionally, Fig. 7b shows that Rs600_28 has the lowest cumulative pore diameter of all thermally treated samples, with a median pore diameter of 76 nm, and shifts most to the lower values of pore diameters. This emphasizes the potential for optimum strength development with thermal treatment at 600 °C. 3.5 Compressive and flexural strengths of rehydrated cement mortar A growing number of brands are making hydration powders—notably Liquid I.V., as well as our brand, Hydrant. The following table summarises the main differences between hydrated lime powder and hydrated lime putty: Property

The powder is sugar-free and sweetened with stevia, which may be ideal for people who are not engaging in long-distance exercise, are following the ketogenic diet, or are trying to limit added sugars. Armstrong LE. Rehydration during endurance exercise: Challenges, research, options, methods. Nutrients. 2021;13(3):887. doi:10.3390/nu13030887

Here’s why. When you're in a state of dehydration, you need more than just water. Your body needs the perfect balance of sodium and glucose to help absorption. That's because of the sodium-glucose cotransport system. This system makes it easier for your body to keep fluids, dramatically improving your ability to restore hydration levels. The specific surface areas of OPC and DCP were determined with the air permeability method (Blaine method) according to the German standard DIN EN 196-6:2018. 2.7 Porosity The story behind SOS Hydration is pretty cool, too. It was developed by one of the world’s GI doctors, based on WHO and UNICEF guidelines for oral rehydration therapy. It’s designed to allow the body to absorb a lot more water than it would with just plain water, whilst also proving a good, low sugar alternative to the kinds of sugary sports drinks you can find in any supermarket or corner shop. Nature’s Truth like to highlight that it’s all vegetarian and vegan friendly – it fits nicely with their brand image. However, all electrolytes should be at least vegetarian friendly. It’s good to see it so explicitly put, and I would encourage all vegetarians and vegans to give it a go, but don’t worry too much about it. I’m vegetarian and have been able to try out everything on this list with no worries. But it isn’t as simple as having sodium and glucose in the right amounts. There’s another important component that sets DripDrop above the competition: osmolarity.