cattle in the world, with around 82% in the developing countries; [45] the totals only increased since then, with the 2021 figure at 1. Milk coming from the cow is transported to a nearby storage vessel by the airflow leaking around the cups on the cow or by a special "air inlet" (5–10 L/min free air) in the claw. Modeling heat stress under organic dairy farming conditions in warm temperate climates within the Mediterranean basin". The cow will often exhibit several behavioral changes during this phase including increased activity and vocalizations.

If the idea of an animal industrial complex seemed a bit outlandish—maybe even a little paranoid—to anyone a few paragraphs back, perhaps now?

Here you’ll learn about ways to make your herringbone dairy more effective, often for little or no extra cost. Milk is then hauled (usually by truck) to a "dairy plant", also referred to as a "dairy", where raw milk is further processed and prepared for commercial sale of dairy products. Extensive systems operate based on a low input and low output philosophy, where intensive systems adopt a high input high output philosophy.

Commercial cheeses, however, are often manufactured by processes that do not have the same lactose-reducing properties. Large application rates of milk onto land, or disposing in a hole, is problematic as the residue from the decomposing milk will block the soil pores and thereby reduce the water infiltration rate through the soil profile. In the dairy industries, two are main types of wastewater produced; dairy wastewater and cheese whey. In rotary parlors, the cows are loaded one at a time onto the parlor as the whole thing rotates in a circle. The amount of milk produced per day during this period varies considerably by breed and by individual cow depending on her body condition, genetics, health, and nutrition.a b Stasinakis AS, Charalambous P and Vyrides I, Dairy wastewater management in EU: produced amounts, existing legislation, applied treatment processes and future challenges. Lactation will normally continue for as long as the cow is milked but production will steadily decline. Other waste milk disposal methods commonly employed include solidification and disposal at a solid waste landfill, disposal at a wastewater treatment plant, or discharge into a sanitary sewer. While cattle were domesticated as early as 12,000 years ago as a food source and as beasts of burden, the earliest evidence of using domesticated cows for dairy production is from the seventh millennium BC – the early Neolithic era – in northwestern Anatolia. A milk lift pump draws the milk from the receiving can through large diameter stainless steel piping, through the plate cooler, then into a refrigerated bulk tank.