Inventing the Alphabet: The Origins of Letters from Antiquity to the Present

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Inventing the Alphabet: The Origins of Letters from Antiquity to the Present

Inventing the Alphabet: The Origins of Letters from Antiquity to the Present

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Phoenician used a system of acrophony to name letters: a word was chosen with each initial consonant sound, and became the name of the letter for that sound. After the Japanese annexation, which occurred in 1910, Japanese was made the official language of Korea. For example, the final ㄹ in the word 말 ([maɭ], 'word') changes when followed by the subject marker 이 (ㅇ being a sonorant consonant), and changes to a [ɾ] to become [maɾi]. However, Akkadian cuneiform, which wrote a related Semitic language, did indicate vowels, which suggests the Phoenicians simply accepted the model of the Egyptians, who never wrote vowels.

T.One of the most consistent letters that had similar shape and represented the same sound in Phoenician, Etruscan, Greek. f] Four basic letters in the original alphabet are no longer used: 1 vowel letter [g] and 3 consonant letters. Because the Runic wen, which was first used to represent the sound 'w' and looked like a p that is narrow and triangular, was easy to confuse with an actual p, the 'w' sound began to be written using a double u.South Korea uses Choe's traditional names, most of which follow the format of letter + i + eu + letter. Some borrowed runic letters such as thorn (þ) or wynn (ƿ) were replaced by digraphs that are not included as separate letters or turned into specific ones that did not exist before, such as “th” and “w” sounds respectively. Another reason for its success was the maritime trading culture of Phoenician merchants, which spread the alphabet into parts of North Africa and Southern Europe. Originally, Choe gave ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, and ㅎ the irregular one-syllable names of ji, chi, ḳi, ṭi, p̣i, and hi, because they should not be used as final consonants, as specified in Hunminjeongeum. Powell attributes the Greek invention of the first real alphabet to the need for vowels to transcribe the meter ( dactylic hexameters) of the great epics, Iliad and Odyssey, attributed to Homerand the works of Hesiod.

Egypt could be named as the nation with the first alphabet were the provision of vowels was considered unnecessary. They were deciphered in 1922 by Manuel Gómez-Moreno but their content is almost impossible to understand because they are not related to any living languages. All Korean obstruents are voiceless in that the larynx does not vibrate when producing those sounds and are further distinguished by degree of aspiration and tenseness. The letter names proved stable among the many descendants of Phoenician, including Samaritan, Aramaic, Syriac, Arabic, Hebrew, and Greek alphabet.The Greeks took letters which did not represent sounds that existed in Greek and changed them to represent the vowels. Whether or not that hypothesis is correct, the Greeks’ new alphabets were certainly revolutionary, being in a cultural sense democratic. It is not immediately obvious that the cuneiform Ugaritic alphabet derives from a prototypical Semitic abjad, for example, although this appears to be the case. Han'gŭl in the McCune–Reischauer system, is often capitalized and rendered without the diacritics when used as an English word, Hangul, as it appears in many English dictionaries.

He points out that while it is easy to derive ㅁ from ㅂ by removing the top, it is not clear how to derive ㅂ from ㅁ in the traditional account, since the shape of ㅂ is not analogous to those of the other plosives. It has been described as a syllabic alphabet as it combines the features of alphabetic and syllabic writing systems, although it is not necessarily an abugida. When you hire translation experts in a reputable academic translation agency, they do know all those changes and relevant background so that completed texts are as accurate as humanly possible. Ledyard posits that five of the Korean letters have shapes inspired by 'Phags-pa; a sixth basic letter, the null initial ㅇ, was invented by Sejong.Hieroglyphs were employed in three ways in Ancient Egyptian texts: as logograms (ideograms) that represent a word denoting an object visually depicted by the hieroglyph; more commonly as phonograms writing a sound or sequence of sounds; and as determinatives (which provide clues to meaning without directly writing sounds). The sign for 20 (𐤘) could come in different glyph variants, one of them being a combination of two 10-tacks, approximately Z-shaped. This upset the long-standing status of literacy as an exclusive achievement of royal and religious elites, scribes who used their monopoly on information to control the common population. Note that the scripts mentioned above are not considered proper alphabets, as they all lack characters representing vowels. In words where the first consonant of the consonant cluster is ㅂ,ㄱ, or ㄴ (the stop consonants), articulation stops and the second consonant cannot be pronounced without releasing the articulation of the first once.

Different languages’ elements contributed to shaping English alphabet into the modern commonly accepted standard form that came along since beginning in approximately the 7th century AD till modern 26-letter structure.

It is certain that the Aramaic-derived Kharosthi script was present in northern India by the 4th century BC, so that the Aramaic model of alphabetic writing would have been known in the region, but the link from Kharosthi to the slightly younger Brahmi is tenuous. This script was partly influenced by the older Egyptian hieratic, a cursive script related to Egyptian hieroglyphs. Letters in bolded interface show intervocalic weakening, or the softening of the lax consonants to their sonorous counterparts. c] There are also 27 complex letters that are formed by combining the basic letters: 5 tense consonant letters, [d] 11 complex consonant letters, [e] and 11 complex vowel letters.



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