Boysen, Knud Henryk; Ruwe, Andreas (2021). "Molech, Moloch: Christian: C Modern Europe and America". In Furrey, Constance M.; etal. (eds.). Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception. Vol.19: Midrash and Aggada – Mourning. de Gruyter. doi: 10.1515/ebr.molechmoloch. ISBN 978-3-11-031336-9. S2CID 245085818. Kasher, Rimon (1988). "The Interpretation of Scripture in Rabbinic Literature". In Mulder, Martin-Jan (ed.). The Literature of the Jewish People in the Period of the Second Temple and the Talmud, Volume 1 Mikra. Brill. pp.547–594. doi: 10.1163/9789004275102_016. ISBN 9789004275102. Moloch, Molech, or Molek [a] is a name or a term which appears in the Hebrew Bible several times, primarily in the book of Leviticus. The Bible strongly condemns practices which are associated with Moloch, practices which appear to have included child sacrifice. [1] In 1935, Otto Eissfeldt proposed, on the basis of Punic inscriptions, that Moloch was a form of sacrifice rather than a deity. [3] Punic inscriptions commonly associate the word mlk with three other words: ʾmr (lamb), bʿl (citizen) and ʾdm (human being). bʿl and ʾdm never occur in the same description and appear to be interchangeable. [31] Other words that sometimes occur are bšr (flesh). [15] When put together with mlk, these words indicate a " mlk-sacrifice consisting of...". [31] The Biblical term lammolekh would thus be translated not as "to Moloch", as normally translated, but as "as a molk-sacrifice", a meaning consistent with uses of the Hebrew preposition la elsewhere. [32] Bennie Reynolds further argues that Jeremiah's use of Moloch in conjunction with Baal in Jer 32:25 is parallel to his use of "burnt offering" and Baal in Jeremiah 19:4–5. [33] The Samsung Galaxy Watch 6 is our current favorite for its streamlined design, excellent health and safety features, and useful calling and texting capabilities. Outdoor adventurers might prefer the Galaxy Watch 5 Pro, which offers a more durable titanium case, an even stronger sapphire crystal glass display, longer battery life, and a few outdoor-specific navigation features.

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Mosca, Paul (1975). Child Sacrifice in Canaanite and Israelite Religion (Thesis). Harvard University. Safety features include Emergency SOS, Fall Detection, and irregular heart rate and rhythm notifications. Cellular SE models also now support international emergency calling, so you can reach emergency services in more than 120 countries and regions without your phone while traveling. On the health front, we especially like the automatic 20-second handwashing timer. Who It's For Though it has limited access to apps, the Fitbit Versa 4 is an excellent fitness-focused smartwatch. We appreciate its attractive, comfortable design which offers a few improvements over the last generation, including a slimmer case, a physical button, and a more responsive touch screen. The latest model offers 40 exercise modes, up from 20 last generation. Google's Pixel Watch 2 runs Wear OS 4 and works with most phones running Android 9.0 or newer via the Google Pixel Watch app, which requires a Google Account to log in. It's not exclusive to Pixel phones and should pair just fine with devices from any other Android phone maker, including Samsung.

The etymology of Moloch is uncertain: a derivation from the root mlk "to rule" is "widely recognized". [8] Since it was first proposed by Abraham Geiger in 1857, some scholars have argued that the word "Moloch" has been altered by using the vowels of bōšet "shame". [9] Other scholars have argued that the name is a qal participle from the same verb. [10] R. M. Kerr criticizes both theories by noting that the name of no other god appears to have been formed from a qal participle, and that Geiger's proposal is "an out-of-date theory which has never received any factual support". [11] Paul Mosca, Professor Emeritus at the University of British Columbia, similarly argued that "the theory that a form molek would immediately suggest to the reader or hearer the word boset (rather than qodes or ohel) is the product of nineteenth century ingenuity, not of Massoretic[ sic] or pre-Massoretic tendentiousness". [12]Rundin, John S. (2004). "Pozo Moro, Child Sacrifice, and the Greek Legendary Tradition". Journal of Biblical Literature. 123 (3): 425–447. doi: 10.2307/3268041. JSTOR 3268041. Kugel, James L. (2012). A Walk through Jubilees : Studies in the Book of Jubilees and the World of its Creation. Brill. If you are interested in monitoring your heart rate with a view to getting more out of your workouts, then look for a smartwatch with an in-built heart-rate monitor.

The Samsung Watch 6 Classic is an excellent option for those in search of a lifestyle-focused Android-compatible smartwatch. Choose this over the standard Watch 6 if you want a bit of bling and the improved functionality of its rotating bezel.Moloch has continued to be used as a name for horrific figures who are depicted as connected to the demon or god but often bear little resemblance to the traditional image. This includes television appearances in Stargate SG1 as an alien villain, in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Supernatural, and Sleepy Hollow. [25] See also [ edit ] Werse, Nicholas R. (2018). "Of Gods and Kings: The Case for Reading "Milcom" in Zephaniah 1:5bβ". Vetus Testamentum. 68 (3): 503–513. doi: 10.1163/15685330-12341328. Among scholars who believe that Moloch refers to a form of sacrifice, debate remains as to whether the Israelite mlk sacrifices were offered to Yahweh or another deity. [5] Armin Lange suggests that the Binding of Isaac represents a mlk-sacrifice to Yahweh in which the child is finally substituted with a sheep, noting that Isaac was meant to be a burnt offering. [41] This opinion is shared by Stavrakopoulou, who also points to the sacrifice of Jephthah of his daughter as a burnt offering. [20] Frendo, while he argues that Moloch refers to a god, accepts Stavrakopoulou's argument that the sacrifices in the tophet were originally to Yahweh. [42] Dewrell argues that although mlk sacrifices were offered to Yahweh, they were distinct from other forms of human or child sacrifice found in the Bible (such as that of Jephthah) and were a foreign custom imported by the Israelites from the Phoenicians during the reign of Ahaz. [43] As a divine title [ edit ] Fortunately, cross-compatibility is a lot better than it used to be, but there are still some things to bear in mind. Schmidt, Brian B. (2021). "Molech, Moloch: I Hebrew Bible/Old Testament". In Furrey, Constance M.; etal. (eds.). Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception. Vol.19: Midrash and Aggada – Mourning. de Gruyter. doi: 10.1515/ebr.molechmoloch. ISBN 978-3-11-031336-9. S2CID 245085818.