Whether it’s proteins, fibres, energy, or complementary feedstuff that you’re looking for, we’ve got you covered. We understand how important it is to balance cost and efficiency with the unique requirements of your farm, and we’ll go above and beyond to tailor the right solution for you. The benefits for you Maize harvested as a grain crop can be kept in the field a relatively long time, even months, after the crop is ready to harvest; it is also harvested and stored in the husk leaves if kept dry. [125] The Maize Association of Nigeria honors IITA for supporting the nation's agriculture". International Institute of Tropical Agriculture . Retrieved September 16, 2022. Sadza | Traditional Porridge From Zimbabwe | TasteAtlas". www.tasteatlas.com . Retrieved 2022-05-06. a b Ranum, Peter; Peña‐Rosas, Juan Pablo; Garcia‐Casal, Maria Nieves (April 2014). "Global maize production, utilization, and consumption". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1312 (1): 105–112. Bibcode: 2014NYASA1312..105R. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12396. PMID 24650320. S2CID 4640742.

The Z. mays plant has an OPALS allergy scale rating of 5 out of 10, indicating moderate potential to cause allergic reactions, exacerbated by over-use of the same plant throughout a garden. Corn pollen is heavy, large, and usually airborne in the early morning. [174] Mycotoxins While yellow maizes derive their color from lutein and zeaxanthin, in red-colored maizes, the kernel coloration is due to anthocyanins and phlobaphenes. These latter substances are synthesized in the flavonoids synthetic pathway [69] from polymerization of flavan-4-ols [70] by the expression of maize pericarp color1 (p1) gene [71] which encodes an R2R3 myb-like transcriptional activator [72] of the A1 gene encoding for the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (reducing dihydroflavonols into flavan-4-ols) [73] while another gene (Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 or SPP1) acts as a suppressor. [74] The p1 gene encodes an Myb-homologous transcriptional activator of genes required for biosynthesis of red phlobaphene pigments, while the P1-wr allele specifies colorless kernel pericarp and red cobs, and unstable factor for orange1 (Ufo1) modifies P1-wr expression to confer pigmentation in kernel pericarp, as well as vegetative tissues, which normally do not accumulate significant amounts of phlobaphene pigments. [71] The maize P gene encodes a Myb homolog that recognizes the sequence CCT/AACC, in sharp contrast with the C/TAACGG bound by vertebrate Myb proteins. [75] In corn chips such as Fritos, but not tortilla chips or corn tortillas, which are made from nixtamalized maize flour [ citation needed] Recipes that may use cornmeal as an additional ingredient are fufu ( foufou) in Central and West Africa. In the United States, maize ears along with tobacco leaves are carved into the capitals of columns in the United States Capitol building. Maize itself is sometimes used for temporary architectural detailing when the intent is to celebrate the fall season, local agricultural productivity and culture. Bundles of dried maize stalks are often displayed along with pumpkins, gourds and straw in autumnal displays outside homes and businesses. A well-known example of architectural use is the Corn Palace in Mitchell, South Dakota, which uses cobs and ears of colored maize to implement a mural design that is recycled annually. Another well-known example is the Field of Corn sculpture in Dublin, Ohio, where hundreds of concrete ears of corn stand in a grassy field. [176]

a b c Benz, B. F. (2001). "Archaeological evidence of teosinte domestication from Guilá Naquitz, Oaxaca". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98 (4): 2104–2106. Bibcode: 2001PNAS...98.2104B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.98.4.2104. PMC 29389. PMID 11172083.

Kraig, Bruce (2012). Corn. Oxford Reference. doi: 10.1093/acref/9780199734962.001.0001. ISBN 9780199734962 . Retrie Keep stirring with a whisk or a wooden spoon until the maize meal mixture begins to boil and bubble. After let cook for about 2 minutes. Maize was introduced into the diet of non-indigenous Americans without the necessary cultural knowledge historically acquired in the Americas. In the late 19th century, pellagra reached epidemic proportions in parts of the southern US, as medical researchers debated two theories for its origin: the deficiency theory (which was eventually shown to be true) said that pellagra was due to a deficiency of some nutrient, and the germ theory said that pellagra was caused by a germ transmitted by stable flies. Another theory promoted by the eugenicist Charles Davenport held that people only contracted pellagra if they were susceptible to it due to certain "constitutional, inheritable" traits of the affected individual. [171]Fungee and Pepperpot National Dish of Antigua". Jirie Caribbean. 2022-02-04 . Retrieved 2022-05-05. Matsuoka, Yoshihiro (January 22, 2003). "Earliest Directional Evolution for Microsatellite Size in Maize" (PDF). Science . Retrieved March 3, 2014. a b Chopra, S; Cocciolone, SM; Bushman, S; Sangar, V; McMullen, MD; Peterson, T (2003). "The maize unstable factor for orange1 is a dominant epigenetic modifier of a tissue specifically silent allele of pericarp color1". Genetics. 163 (3): 1135–1146. doi: 10.1093/genetics/163.3.1135. PMC 1462483. PMID 12663550. A maize stalk with two ripe ears is depicted on the reverse of the Croatian 1 lipa coin, minted since 1993. [177]

Made into bread, as in corn fritters, cornbread, hushpuppies, jonnycakes, or spoonbread [70] [71] [72] Mapuches of south-central Chile cultivated maize along with quinoa and potatoes in pre-Hispanic times; however, potato was the staple food of most Mapuches, "specially in the southern and coastal [Mapuche] territories where maize did not reach maturity". [22] [23] Before the expansion of the Inca Empire maize was traded and transported as far south as 40°19' S in Melinquina, Lácar Department. [24] In that location maize remains were found inside pottery dated to 730±80BP and 920±60BP. Probably this maize was brought across the Andes from Chile. [24] The presence of maize in Guaitecas Archipelago (43°55' S), the southernmost outpost of pre-Hispanic agriculture, [25] is reported by early Spanish explorers. [26] However the Spanish may have misidentified the plant. [26] Heerden, Ingrid van. "Mieliepap (maize meal porridge) and the glycaemic index". Health24 . Retrieved 2022-05-05.

Discussion Comments

It has undergone two or more domestications either of a wild maize or of a teosinte. (The term "teosinte" describes all species and subspecies in the genus Zea, excluding Zea mays ssp. mays) Mămăligă: A Romanian-Style Cornmeal Porridge Similar to Polenta". The Spruce Eats . Retrieved 2022-05-06. The US and a handful of other English-speaking countries primarily use corn, though most countries use the term maize. [37] [8] [38] The word maize is considered interchangeable in place of corn in the West; during early British and American trade, all grains were considered corn. Maize retained the name corn in the West as the primary grain in these trade relationships. [34]

Blue cornmeal is light blue or violet in color. It is ground from whole blue corn and has a sweet flavor. The cornmeal consists of dried corn kernels that have been ground into a fine or medium texture. [8] [9]In the midwestern United States, low-till or no-till farming techniques are usually used. In low-till, fields are covered once, maybe twice, with a tillage implement either ahead of crop planting or after the previous harvest. The fields are planted and fertilized. Weeds are controlled through the use of herbicides, and no cultivation tillage is done during the growing season. This technique reduces moisture evaporation from the soil, and thus provides more moisture for the crop. The domestication of maize is of particular interest to researchers— archaeologists, geneticists, ethnobotanists, geographers, etc. The process is thought by some to have started 7,500 to 12,000 years ago. Research from the 1950s to 1970s originally focused on the hypothesis that maize domestication occurred in the highlands between the states of Oaxaca and Jalisco, because the oldest archaeological remains of maize known at the time were found there. Many forms of maize are used for food, sometimes classified as various subspecies related to the amount of starch each has: Polenta - a typical dish in many countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. [67]