a b Penney, D. & Selden, P.A. (2007). "Spinning with the dinosaurs: the fossil record of spiders". Geology Today. 23 (6): 231–37. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2451.2007.00641.x. S2CID 130267137. Natural history of Mygalomorphae". Agricultural Research Council of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 26 December 2008 . Retrieved 13 October 2008.

Phoneutria spiders, the most common of which are often referred to as banana spiders or wandering spiders, are native to Brazil and have the most neurologically active venom of any spider. But they rank a bit lower on the list of the world's deadliest spiders because their venom works relatively slowly, leaving ample time for treatment. And Loxosceles spiders, the most familiar of which is the brown recluse ( L. reclusa) found in the U.S., may be one the most common causes of spider-related injuries, with painful bites that can cause body aches and fever and take months to fully resolve. But they are very rarely deadly.Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940). "ἀράχνη". A Greek-English Lexicon. Perseus Digital Library. Isbister, G.K. (2001). "Spider mythology across the world". Western Journal of Medicine. 175 (4): 86–87. doi: 10.1136/ewjm.175.2.86. PMC 1071491. PMID 11483545. Foelix, Rainer F. (2011). Biology of Spiders (3rd p/bed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-973482-5. The visual acuity of some jumping spiders exceeds by a factor of ten that of dragonflies, which have by far the best vision among insects. [ citation needed] This acuity is achieved by a telephotographic series of lenses, a four-layer retina, and the ability to swivel the eyes and integrate images from different stages in the scan. [ citation needed] The downside is that the scanning and integrating processes are relatively slow. [22] They are the most common spider species in all North America. Their natural habitat ranges from the southern parts of Canada throughout the United States.

The mesothelid Paleothele montceauensis, from the Late Carboniferous over 299million years ago, had five spinnerets. [91] Although the Permian period 299to251 million years ago saw rapid diversification of flying insects, there are very few fossil spiders from this period. [89] It seems that TikTok has also taken to jumping spiders as the latest favorite pet since they have a reputation for being intelligent, entertaining, charming, and curious. Pictures of pet spiders are frequent, and celebrities share that they have pet spiders and tarantulas (Billie Eilish has a Green Bottle Blue Tarantula.) If you are interested, the Internet is full of articles recommending types and providing helpful care information.a b c Coddington, J.A. & Levi, H.W. (1991). "Systematics and Evolution of Spiders (Araneae)". Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 22: 565–92. doi: 10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.003025. Also called the Salmon pink bird eater, this massive tarantula is a speedy, nocturnal predator found in Brazilian forests. They have pink hair on their abdomen and legs and have a leg span of around 27cm. Some spiders use their webs for hearing, where the giant webs function as extended and reconfigurable auditory sensors. [32] Locomotion Image of a spider leg: 1–coxa; 2–trochanter; 3–femur; 4–patella; 5–tibia; 6–metatarsus; 7–tarsus; 8–claws It is hard to give you a good physical description of sac spiders because they all look so differently. Their colors vary drastically from one spider to another. Their colors range so widely that they are often mistaken for other species of spiders.

As with most spiders, they are generally shy unless disturbed or threatened. 4 5. Brazilian Giant Tawny Red Tarantula (24cm) Spiders can range in size from extremely small to very large. Some of them blend in so well with their surroundings that you won’t even know they are around. They all have four sets of legs so eight in all. They also have four sets of eyes that they use to help them because they don’t have a good sense of balance.The hubs of orb webs, where the spiders lurk, are usually above the center, as the spiders can move downwards faster than upwards. If there is an obvious direction in which the spider can retreat to avoid its own predators, the hub is usually offset towards that direction. [75]

The giant huntsman spider has been observed living in large groups, seemingly tolerating one another. However when food is in short supply, this species may resort to hunting and eating other members of the same species. Final ThoughtsBarghusen, L.E.; Claussen, D.L.; Anderson, M.S.; Bailer, A.J. (1 February 1997). "The effects of temperature on the web-building behaviour of the common house spider, Achaearanea tepidariorum". Functional Ecology. 11 (1): 4–10. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2435.1997.00040.x. Nyffeler, Martin; Birkhofer, Klaus (14 March 2017). "An estimated 400–800 million tons of prey are annually killed by the global spider community". The Science of Nature. 104 (30): 30. Bibcode: 2017SciNa.104...30N. doi: 10.1007/s00114-017-1440-1. PMC 5348567. PMID 28289774. The primitive Liphistiidae, the "trapdoor spiders" of the family Ctenizidae and many tarantulas are ambush predators that lurk in burrows, often closed by trapdoors and often surrounded by networks of silk threads that alert these spiders to the presence of prey. [17] Other ambush predators do without such aids, including many crab spiders, [13] and a few species that prey on bees, which see ultraviolet, can adjust their ultraviolet reflectance to match the flowers in which they are lurking. [52] Wolf spiders, jumping spiders, fishing spiders and some crab spiders capture prey by chasing it, and rely mainly on vision to locate prey. [13] Portia uses both webs and cunning, versatile tactics to overcome prey. [62] Females lay up to 3,000 eggs in one or more silk egg sacs, [13] which maintain a fairly constant humidity level. [47] In some species, the females die afterwards, but females of other species protect the sacs by attaching them to their webs, hiding them in nests, carrying them in the chelicerae or attaching them to the spinnerets and dragging them along. [13]