It also goes by the trade nameLeucidalLiquid SF and can serve in the formula as a natural preservative.

Water, Dipropylene Glycol, Glycereth-26, 1,2-Hexanediol, Niacinamide, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Methyl Gluceth-20, Spiraea Ulmaria Extract, Lactococcus/​Bean Seed Extract Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/​Rice Ferment, Chlorella Ferment, Lactobacillus/​Algae Extract Ferment, Saccharomyces/​Grape Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/​Pumpkin Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/​Soybean Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/​Soybean Extract Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/​Rice Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/​Barley Seed Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/​Calcium Ferment, Saccharomyces/​Laminaria Saccharina Ferment, Saccharomyces/​Potato Extract Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/​Eriodictyon Californicum Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/​Water Hyacinth Ferment, Lactobacillus/​Rye Flour Ferment, Lactobacillus/​Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/​Milk Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/​Panax Ginseng Root Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/​Acerola Cherry Ferment, Lactobacillus Ferment, Lactobacillus Ferment Lysate Filtrate, Lactococcus/​Milk Ferment Lysate, Lactococcus Ferment, Lactococcus Ferment Extract, Lactococcus Ferment Lysate, Streptococcus Thermophilus Ferment, Aureobasidium Pullulans Ferment Filtrate, Bifida Ferment Filtrate, Bifida Ferment Extract, Leuconostoc/​Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/​Wasabia Japonica Root Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/​Punica Granatum Fruit Ferment Extract, Bacillus/​Glutamic Acid Ferment Filtrate, Bacillus/​Rice Bran Extract/​Soybean Extract Ferment Filtrate, Monascus/​Rice Ferment, Saccharomyces/​Rice Bran Ferment Filtrate Extract, Saccharomyces/​Rice Bran Ferment, Lactobacillus/​Pear Juice Ferment Filtrate, Pichia Ferment Lysate Filtrate, Alteromonas Ferment Extract, Saccharomyces/​Coix Lacryma-Jobi Ma-Yuen Seed Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/​Soy Protein Ferment, Sphingomonas Ferment Extract, Saccharomyces/​Malachite Ferment, Saccharomyces Ferment, Saccharomyces Ferment Filtrate, Schizosaccharomyces Ferment Filtrate, Aspergillus Ferment, Aspergillus/​Glucose/​Soybean/​Starch Ferment Filtrate, Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, Sodium Hyaluronate, Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate, Cetearyl Alcohol, Betaine, Acrylates/​C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Tromethamine, Polyquaternium-51, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Adenosine, Geraniol, Citronellol. Oily peeps should only use it at night. For them, this toner can replace the stages of toner, essence, ampoule, and serum. It's a little helper ingredient that helps to set the pH of the products to be right. It has an alkaline pH and can neutralize acidic ingredients. what‑it‑does This particular form is obtained by fermenting the pumpkin fruit with lactobacillus lactis. During the fermentation,many of the complex biomolecules are broken down intoisolated phytochemicals andselective filtration techniques are used to isolate theproteolyticparts. The result is pumpkin enzymethat is a gentle exfoliator that can be an alternative to AHAs.Purified Water, Dipropylene Glycol, Glycereth-26, 1,2-Hexanediol, Niacinamide, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Methyl Gluceth-20, Spiraea Ulmaria Extract, Lactococcus/Bean Seed Extract Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Rice Ferment, Chlorella Ferment, Lactobacillus/Algae Extract Ferment, Saccharomyces/Grape Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Pumpkin Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Soybean Extract Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/Rice Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/Barley Seed Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/Calcium Ferment, Saccharomyces/Laminaria Saccharina Ferment, Saccharomyces/Potato Extract Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Eriodictyon Californicum Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Water Hyacinth Ferment, Lactobacillus/Rye Flour Ferment, Lactobacillus/Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Milk Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Panax Ginseng Root Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Acerola Cherry Ferment, Lactobacillus Ferment, Lactobacillus Ferment Lysate Filtrate, Lactococcus/Milk Ferment Lysate, Lactococcus Ferment, Lactococcus Ferment Extract, Lactococcus Ferment Lysate, Streptococcus Thermophilus Ferment, Aureobasidium Pullulans Ferment Filtrate, Bifida Ferment Filtrate, Bifida Ferment Filtrate, Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate, Lactobacillus/Wasabia Japonica Root Ferment Extract, Lactobacillus/Punica Granatum Fruit Ferment Extract, Bacillus/Glutamic Acid Ferment Filtrate, Bacillus/Rice Bran Extract/Soybean Extract Ferment Filtrate, Monascus/Rice Ferment, Saccharomyces/Rice Bran Ferment Filtrate Extract, Saccharomyces/Rice Bran Ferment, Lactobacillus/Pear Juice Ferment Filtrate, Pichia Ferment Lysate Filtrate, Alteromonas Ferment Extract, Saccharomyces/Coix Lacryma-Jobi Ma-yuen Seed Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces/Soy Protein Ferment, Sphingomonas Ferment Extract, Saccharomyces/Malachite Ferment, Saccharomyces Ferment, Saccharomyces Ferment Filtrate, Saccharomyces Ferment Filtrate, Aspergillus Ferment, Aspergillus/Glucose/Soybean/Starch Ferment Filtrate, Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil, Sodium Hyaluronate, Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate, Cetearyl Alcohol, Betaine, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Tromethamine, Polyquaternium-51, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Adenosine, Geraniol, Citronellol

Normal (well kind of - it's purified and deionized) water. Usually the main solvent in cosmetic products. Not only a simple moisturizer but knows much more: keeps the skin lipids between our skin cells in a healthy (liquid crystal) state, protects against irritation, helps to restore barrier A probiotic ingredient that - according to the manufacturer - positively influences both the speed and the quality of epidermal growth that result in better barrier function and overall skin quality. Bissett, D. L., K. Miyamoto, P. Sun, J. Li, and C. A. Berge. “Topical niacinamide reduces yellowing, wrinkling, red blotchiness, and hyperpigmented spots in aging facial skin 1.” International journal of cosmetic science26, no. 5 (2004): 231-238. Draelos, Zoe Diana, Akira Matsubara, and Kenneth Smiles. “ The effect of 2% niacinamide on facial sebum production.” Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy8, no. 2 (2006): 96-101.Al-Ghazzewi, F. H., and R. F. Tester. “ Impact of prebiotics and probiotics on skin health.” Beneficial microbes5, no. 2 (2014): 99-107. You may wonder where 50 (Fifty!) fermented extracts fit into your routine. I have normal to dry skin, and non-acne-prone skin, so my skin drinks it up in the AM and the PM. I usually do 2-3 layers as my toner/essence step.