a b Morrison, Wallace B. (1998). Cancer in Dogs and Cats (1sted.). Williams and Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-683-06105-5.

How do dogs mate? | FAQs | Dogs | Guide | Omlet UK

If the dog enters the bitch and his penis enlarges and distends but comes out of the bitch before the tie has taken place,this is called a 'Slip Mating'. Usually the dog will mount the bitch several times before he enters. Sometimes he will enter the bitch without his penis enlarging but jump off again without proceeding. If the bitch is ready, she will also often adjust herself to facilitate the mating. Most dogs will find the right spot themselves and will object to you interfering or handling their private parts. Best just to steady the bitch and let the dog work. He may work for a few seconds or even a few minutes until he fully enters the bitch and his knot enlarges inside her. It can be handy to have another person present to steady the dog just for the few moments it takes for his knot to enlarge. If you do this and only a slip mating has happened, pregnancy is still likely as the first part of the ejaculate contains most of the sperm. If the penis is not fully distended, the dog may oblige and try again. Many successful breedings are done during the ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth of the female’s heating days. It is important to allow one good breeding each during these three days. Any more than one on each day can deplete the male sperm count, tire them both, and is not good for their health. 9. PregnancyHeidenberger E, Unshelm J (1990). "[Changes in the behavior of dogs after castration]". Tierärztliche Praxis (in German). 18 (1): 69–75. PMID 2326799.

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If the dogs have never met, keep them on the lead while they get used to each other. Once they seem comfortable around each other, let them off lead to properly introduce themselves Monitoring the changes in vaginal discharge can provide valuable information about a female dog’s reproductive status. Physical Indicators of Pregnancy

When is a dog ready for mating?

Pregnancy: If the mating results in pregnancy, you may observe no significant changes in vaginal discharge initially. As the pregnancy progresses, however, some dogs may have a clear to milky, odorless discharge. If you notice a bloody or foul-smelling discharge during pregnancy, consult a veterinarian immediately, as this could be a sign of complications. Inbreeding is ordinarily avoided because it leads to a reduction in progeny fitness (inbreeding depression) due largely to the homozygous expression of deleterious recessive alleles. [29] Cross-fertilization between unrelated individuals ordinarily leads to the masking of deleterious recessive alleles in progeny. [37] [38] Clinical issues [ edit ] If possible, try to match an inexperienced dog to one with more experience. Matching two inexperienced dogs could cause problems