Sterling, Christopher H., ed. (2007), Military Communications: From Ancient Times to the 21st Century, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1851097326

Fensom, Jim (8 November 2010), "Harry Fensom obituary", The Guardian, London , retrieved 17 October 2012 Months after leaving the X-Men to live a peaceful life in Russia, Colossus was convinced by his sister Illyana to rejoin the team and help them with the mutant refugees in X-Haven in light of the M-Pox breakout. [106] Golden, Frederic (29 March 1999), "Who Built The First Computer?", Time, vol.153, no.12, archived from the original on 6 January 2006

Good, Michie & Timms 1945, 1 Introduction: 11 German Tunny, 11E The Tunny Network, (b) Wheel-breaking and Setting, p. 15. His physical strength is currently greater than when he first joined the X-Men due to the realignment of his cells by Magneto following an injury during the Mutant Massacre. (X-men #188)

Good, Michie & Timms 1945, 24 – Rectangling: 24B Making and Entering Rectangles pp. 114–115, 119–120. According to most contemporary descriptions, the Colossus stood approximately 70 cubits, or 33 metres (108 feet) high – approximately the height of the modern Statue of Liberty from feet to crown – making it the tallest statue in the ancient world. [2] It collapsed during the earthquake of 226 BC, although parts of it were preserved. In accordance with a certain oracle, the Rhodians did not rebuild it. [3] John Malalas wrote that Hadrian in his reign re-erected the Colossus, [4] but he was mistaken. [5] According to the Suda, the Rhodians were called Colossaeans ( Κολοσσαεῖς), because they erected the statue on the island. [6]

Chodos, Alan (2022). "August 1946: The Moore School Lectures". APS News. 11 (4) . Retrieved 25 January 2022. Curiously, Colossus is the only Avatar of Cyttorak to have displayed the demon form. In this form Colossus more closely resembles Cyttorak and gains claws, scales and spikes. It is revealed that this is because Colossus is one of Cyttorak's favorite avatars in thousands of years. [135] Biography of Professor Tutte - Combinatorics and Optimization". Uwaterloo.ca. 13 March 2015. Archived from the original on 19 August 2019 . Retrieved 26 October 2017. Self Sustenance: The Juggernaut is completely self-sustained. He has no need to breathe, eat, or drink and cannot tire, hence he does not need sleep. However, his self-generating mystical energies provides him with the nourishment of sleep, nutrition, hydration, and oxygen. He is sustained by his mystical energies alone. [92]

The prototype, Colossus Mark 1, was shown to be working in December 1943 and was in use at Bletchley Park by early 1944. [1] An improved Colossus Mark 2 that used shift registers to quintuple the processing speed, first worked on 1 June 1944, just in time for the Normandy landings on D-Day. [6] Ten Colossi were in use by the end of the war and an eleventh was being commissioned. [6] Bletchley Park's use of these machines allowed the Allies to obtain a vast amount of high-level military intelligence from intercepted radiotelegraphy messages between the German High Command ( OKW) and their army commands throughout occupied Europe. During his time as the Avatar of Cyttorak, Colossus stayed in his steel form. He revealed that the reason for this is that in steel form he is a hero and in flesh form he is a man. He believes that as a hero perhaps he could fight the urge for destruction while as a man he wouldn't stand a chance. [92] a b c Colossus – The Rebuild Story, The National Museum of Computing, archived from the original on 18 April 2015 , retrieved 13 May 2017 Randell, Brian (1980), "The Colossus" (PDF), in Metropolis, N.; Howlett, J.; Rota, Gian-Carlo (eds.), A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century, pp. 47–92, ISBN 978-0124916500

Colossal Legacy

Bruemmer Bozeman, Adda (1994). Politics and Culture in International History: From the Ancient Near East to the Opening of the Modern Age. Transaction Publishers. p. 108. ISBN 1-56000-735-4.

While scholars do not know what the statue looked like, they do have a good idea of what the head and face looked like, as it was of a standard rendering at the time. The head would have had curly hair with evenly spaced spikes of bronze or silver flame radiating, similar to the images found on contemporary Rhodian coins. [24] Possible locations [ edit ] The old harbour entrance from inner embankment. The Fortress of St Nicholas is on right a b Good, Michie & Timms 1945, 1 Introduction: 12 Cryptographic Aspects, 12A The Problem, (a) Formulae and Notation, p. 16.a b Williams, Kate (26 December 2015). "Rhodes reconstruction project will be a colossal gamble for Greece – but it might well pay off". The Guardian . Retrieved 25 July 2016. Many researchers have considered alternative positions for the statue which would have made it more feasible for actual construction by the ancients. [24] [25] There is also no evidence that the statue held a torch aloft; the records simply say that after completion, the Rhodians kindled the "torch of freedom". A relief in a nearby temple shows Helios standing with one hand shielding his eyes, similar to the way a person shields their eyes when looking toward the sun, and it is quite possible that the colossus was constructed in the same pose. Custom circuits using thermionic valves and thyratrons. A total of 1,600 in Mk 1 and 2,400 in Mk 2. Also relays and stepping switches Not until 1975 when the first information about Colossus was declassified could the story begin to be told. Superhuman Stamina: Also, while in armored form, Colossus' musculature produces considerably less fatigue toxins than the musculature of a normal human. At his peak, he can physically exert himself at peak capacity for several days before the buildup of fatigue toxins in his blood begins to impair him. [133] He also does not need to breathe while transformed, but it is believed that he could not survive for long in a vacuum. [41]