If you are using 24V battery group, 2pcs 12V battery connected in series, battery equalizer 24V is the best solution.

Lai, X.; Qiao, D.; Zheng, Y.; Ouyang, M.; Han, X.; Zhou, L. A rapid screening and regrouping approach based on neural networks for large-scale retired lithium-ion cells in second-use applications. J. Clean. Prod. 2019, 213, 776–791. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] In Figures 6, 7, the yellow waveform represents the pulse sequence of the voltage. The peak voltage is 10V. The green waveform represents the current state of discharging the battery with the higher power. Purple waveform represents the current state of charging the battery with lower power. The peak value of the charging current is 2A. When the switch is turned on, the battery with a higher power is gradually discharged, and the battery with lower power remains unchanged. When the switch is turned off, the battery with higher power remains unchanged, and the battery with lower power is rapidly charged. Therefore, the difference between the cells gradually becomes smaller, and the equalization process ends until the error meets the equalization requirements. Comparison and Results Analysis Tie, S.F.; Tan, C.W. A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2013, 20, 82–102. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] May, G.J.; Davidson, A.; Monahov, B. Lead batteries for utility energy storage: A review. J. Energy Storage 2018, 15, 145–157. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]Barzkar, A.; Mohammad, S.; Hosseini, H. A novel peak load shaving algorithm via real-time battery scheduling for residential distributed energy storage systems. Int. J. Energy Res. 2018, 42, 2400–2416. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Chen, Y.; Liu, X.; Cui, Y.; Zou, J.; Yang, S. A Multi-winding Transformer Cell-to-Cell Active Equalization Method for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Reduced Number of Driving Circuits. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2015, 31, 4916–4929. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Yuanmao, Y.; Cheng, K.; Yeung, Y. Zero-current switching switched-capacitor zero-voltage-gap automatic equalization system for series battery string. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2011, 27, 3234–3242. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Goodarzi, S.; Beiranvand, R.; Mousavi, S.M.; Mohamadian, M. A new algorithm for increasing balancing speed of switched-capacitor lithium-ion battery cell equalizers. In Proceedings of the 6th Power Electronics, Drive Systems & Technologies Conference (PEDSTC2015), Tehran, Iran, 3–4 February 2015; pp. 292–297. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Sources of nonuniform, performance, and an equalization system design. B i denotes the ( i)-th battery cell. Han, W.; Zou, C.; Zhang, L.; Ouyang, Q.; Wik, T. Near-fastest battery balancing by cell/module reconfiguration. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 2019, 10, 6954–6964. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Please note: The appearance and color of different batches of products , which does not affect the use Kim, M.Y.; Kim, C.H.; Kim, J.H.; Moon, G.W. A chain structure of switched capacitor for improved cell balancing speed of lithium-ion batteries. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 2013, 61, 3989–3999. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Gallardo-Lozano, J.; Romero-Cadaval, E.; Milanes-Montero, M.I.; Guerrero-Martinez, M.A. Battery equalization active methods. J. Power Sources 2014, 246, 934–949. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Nomenclature

West, S.; Krein, P.T. Equalization of Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries: Issues and Life Test Result. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Telecommunications Energy Conference, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 10–14 September 2000; pp. 439–446. [ Google Scholar] Hasan, M.K.; Habib, A.A.; Islam, S.; Ghani, A.T.A.; Hossain, E. Resonant energy carrier base active charge-balancing algorithm. Electronics 2020, 9, 2166. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Lee, Y.S.; Chen, G.T. Quasi-Resonant Zero-Current-Switching Bidirectional Converter for Battery Equalization Applications. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2006, 21, 1213–1224. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Please note: The appearance and color of different batches of products may vary, which does not affect the use. The output value can be calculated by where ω k represents the activation strength of one of the fuzzy rules. According to KCL and Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL), the ohmic voltage U 0( t), the electrochemical polarization voltage U e( t), and the concentration polarization voltage U d( t) can be calculated byAffanni, A.; Bellini, A.; Franceschini, G.; Guglielmi, P.; Tassoni, C. Battery choice and management for new-generation electric vehicles. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 2005, 52, 1343–1349. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef][ Green Version] Lipu, M.S.H.; Mamun, A.A.; Ansari, S.; Miah, M.S.; Hasan, K.; Meraj, S.T.; Sarker, M.R. Battery Management, Key Technologies, Methods, Issues, and Future Trends of Electric Vehicles: A Pathway toward Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Batteries 2022, 8, 119. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Li, W.; Chen, S.; Peng, X.; Xiao, M.; Gao, L.; Garg, A.; Bao, N. A comprehensive approach for the clustering of similar-performance cells for the design of a lithium-ion battery module for electric vehicles. Engineering 2019, 5, 795–802. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]