a b c "Coal Explained". Energy Explained. US Energy Information Administration. 21 April 2017. Archived from the original on 8 December 2017 . Retrieved 13 November 2017. Not to be confused with the German Steinkohle [5] or Dutch steenkool which are broader terms meaning all varieties of coal of a stonelike hardness and appearance, like bituminous coal and often anthracite as well, as opposed to lignite, which is softer. HG and UHG anthracite account for a small percentage of the total anthracite market. The major producing countries are Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam, South Africa and the US.

Owen, George, The Description of Pembrokeshire, Dillwyn Miles (Ed), Gomer Press, Llandysul, 1994, ISBN 1-85902-120-4, pp. 60, 69–70, 90–95, 139, 255A vein of anthracite that caught fire in Centralia, Pennsylvania, in 1962 has been burning ever since, turning the once-thriving borough into a ghost town. [27] Major reserves [ edit ] Bituminous coal is used for the production of activated carbon. The coal is first coked, removing volatiles, then steam treated to activate it. Chemical processes for activating coke produced from bituminous coal have also been investigated. [22] Origin [ edit ] Okefenokee Swamp, a modern peat-forming swamp Guocai, Xia; Bingchi, Wang; Yinghua, Han (August 1990). "Coal Resources and Development of the Coal Industry in China". Energy Exploration & Exploitation. 8 (4): 263–269. doi: 10.1177/014459879000800401. S2CID 133140773. Due to its low sulfur content, Anthracite coal produces virtually no smoke or particulate emissions. This is a major problem with cord wood and pellet burning stoves. Modern day Anthracite coal burning stoves and furnaces, such as those from Leisure Line, are engineered to burn cleaner and can be used in areas of the country where wood stoves are restricted due to air pollution and forest fire risk from flaming embers from chimneys.

Anthracite coal: Anthracite is the highest rank of coal. It has a bright luster and breaks with a semi-conchoidal fracture. What is Coal "Rank"?Bituminous coal was once extensively used for home heating in the US. However, bituminous coal is a relatively dirty fuel. The reduction in the use of bituminous coal between 1945 and 1960 is estimated to have saved at least 1,923 lives of all ages and 310 infant lives per winter month. [61] Bituminous coal quality is improved with floatation methods, which increase the fraction of vitrinite to yield a cleaner-burning product. [62] Coal deposition was interrupted by the Permian-Triassic extinction event, [48] but resumed later in the Permian. Extensive bituminous coal deposits of Permian age are found in Siberia, east Asia, and Australia. [49] These include the Minusinsky coal basin in Siberia, [50] the Queensland, Bowen, and Sydney Basins in Australia, [51] and the extensive bituminous coal reserves of China. [52]