Container filled with hot water used for heating Antique metal hot-water bottle from 1925 English Stoneware bed warmer and stopper Two modern hot-water bottles shown with their stoppers Japanese style plastic hot-water bottle, known locally as a yutanpo, with its cloth protective bag on the right. Alfred, the cantankerous hot-water bottle, is a character from Johnson and Friends, a popular Australian children's television series from the 1990s. This character has gained a cult following in recent years, particularly among those who grew up with the series, due to the odd character choice. Why a Hot-Water Bottle Is the Key to Staying Cozy—And Easing Period Cramps—This Winter". Vogue. 2021-10-21 . Retrieved 2021-11-26. A hot-water bottle is a bottle filled with hot water and sealed with a stopper, used to provide warmth, typically while in bed, but also for the application of heat to a specific part of the body.

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a b "Interesting Hot-Water Bottles Facts". Love Hot-Water Bottles. Urban Industry Limited. 30 May 2007 . Retrieved July 6, 2017. Hot water bottle rash ( Erythema ab igne) is a skin condition caused by long-term exposure to heat (infrared radiation) or excessive use of a hot water bottle. Containers using hot water were soon also used, with the advantages that they could remain in the bed with the sleeper and were not so hot as to be a fire risk. Prior to the invention of rubber that could withstand sufficient heat, these early hot-water bottles were made of a variety of materials, such as zinc, copper, [1] brass, [2] glass, [3] earthenware [4] [3] [5] or wood. To prevent burning, the metal hot water flasks were wrapped in a soft cloth bag. Some newer products function like the older bottles, but use a polymer gel or wax in a heating pad. The pads can be heated in a microwave oven, and they are marketed as safer than liquid-filled bottles or electrically heated devices. Some newer bottles now use a silicone-based material instead of rubber, which resists very hot water better, and does not deteriorate as much as rubber. Although the stopper size in Ireland and the UK has been largely standard for many decades, some newer bottles use a wider mouth which is easier to fill (and a larger stopper to fit it).Boiling water is not recommended for use in hot-water bottles. This is due to risks of the rubber being degraded from high-temperature water, and the risk of injury in case of breakage. [14] Hot water bottles recalled over leak danger". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. AAP. 2 September 2009. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. ACCC launches hot water bottle blitz". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. AAP. 21 July 2009. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. Modern conventional hot-water bottles were patented in 1903 and are manufactured in natural rubber or PVC, to a design patented by the Croatian inventor Slavoljub Eduard Penkala. They are now commonly covered in fabric, sometimes with a novelty design. The United Kingdom defined British Standards for hot-water bottles to regulate their manufacture and sale as well as to ensure their compliance with all safety standards. The British Standards BS 1970 and BS 1970:2012 (updated version) define, for instance, the bottles’ filling characteristics, safety instructions, allowed materials and components as well as testing methods such as tensile tests for PVC bottles. [10]

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Jha, Alok (5 July 2006). "Heat 'relieves internal pain' ". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 25 September 2014. Holden, M. (February 1922). "The Charm of Old Copper". Country Life. Vol.41, no.4. p.65 . Retrieved July 6, 2017. Standards, European. "BS 1970:2012 Hot water bottles manufactured from rubber and PVC. Specification". www.en-standard.eu . Retrieved 2021-11-26. Teale, John W. (10 July 1875). "Mr. Teale's Case Of Excessively High Temperature". The British Medical Journal. 2 (758): 57. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.758.57. PMC 2296423.

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Miletic, Daniella (22 July 2009). "Shoddy hotties in hot water". The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Archived from the original on 24 July 2015. While generally used for keeping warm, conventional hot-water bottles can be used to some effect for the local application of heat as a medical treatment, for example for period pain relief, [7] [8] [9] but newer items such as purpose-designed heating pads are often used now. verifyErrors }}{{ message }}{{ /verifyErrors }}{{