SAP (the vit C derivative, not the enterprise software, obvs) is a promising derivative that has great stability up to pH 7. The challenge with it thoughis skin penetration. Unfortunately, it seems to be limited, or to quote a great article from theJournal of Cosmetic Dermatology "topically applied ascorbyl phosphate salts are, at very best, poorly absorbed in comparison with AA". Regarding conversion to AA, there seems to be no data about it, so we can neither deny nor confirm it. The moisturizer also has a strong floral fragrance, which makes using it each morning feel like a treat, but some may find it overpowering. We have better news regarding the three magic abilities of vitamin C: there is in-vivo (tested on real people) data showing that SAP does have photo-protective (aka antioxidant) properties, though less than pure AA. SAP might also aid collagen boosting;in-vitro (made in the lab) data shows that it works, but is less effective than another vitamin C derivative, called MAP (that seems to be as effective as pure AA). As for skin-brightening, there is a trade publication with in-vivo data showing that SAP can fade brown spots. Skin is hydrated for 24 hours and instantly appears more radiant. Skin looks younger in 2 weeks, and by 4 weeks fine lines and wrinkles appear visibly reduced. Who the product is for: What's more, the anti-aging effectiveness is not the only questionable thing about RP. It also exibits questionable behaviour in the presence of UV light and was the center of a debate between the non-profit group, EWG (whose intentions are no doubt good, but its credibility is often questioned by scientists) and a group of scientists and dermatologists lead bySteven Q. Wang, MD, director of dermatologic surgery at Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre.

We think that the truth lies somewhere in the middle, and we agree with Dr. Baumann's conclusion: " sufficient evidence to establish a causal link between RP and skin cancer has not been produced. Nor, I’m afraid, are there any good reasons to recommend the use of RP". We would addespeciallyduring the day!No7 Protect & Perfect Intense ADVANCED serum is clinically proven to visibly reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, with results that get even better over time. 84% of women* saw better age defying results when using the complete regime. Another thing SAP might be able to do is to help with acne. A 2005 study showed in vitro (in test tubes) that 1% SAP has a strong antimicrobial activity on evil acne causing P. acnes and it also showed in vivo (on real people) that 5% SAP can strongly improvethe inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions of acne vulgaris. In fact, the results were comparable or even slightly better than with 5% benzoyl peroxide. Collagen Peptide Based Technology - Matrixyl 3000+™: our next generation of age defying complex. This cream targets the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles for visibly younger looking skin. With 3x the concentration of key No7 booster serum age defying actives, this fast absorbing, non-greasy formula works to re-energise tired-looking skin and help protect your skin from the signs ageing, keeping it looking younger for longer. Your skin needs a daily dose of vitamins and an intensive serum containing vitamins A, C, E is the perfect way to get them. This intensive vitamin treatment will reward you with smoother, more radiant, even skin. What Else do You Need to Know Ginseng Extract - fights the look of tiredness and fatigue, leaving skin feeling instantly energised.

No7 Protect & Perfect Intense ADVANCED Day Cream SPF 15 provides advanced protection and 24 hours of hydration for visibly younger looking skin. ​Our Intense ADVANCED Day Cream also combines the protective power of SPF for protection against the number 1 cause of skin ageing, our unique Double Defence technology and our No7 age defying actives to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and helps protect skin from future signs of skin ageing. ​With the presence of antioxidants it helps to neutralise free radicals in skin. Pro-Retinol - supports the skin’s renewal process to help reduce the appearance of the key visible signs of ageing After 1 night wake up to smoother skin. After 1 week skin looks more radiant and less tired, by 4 weeks fine lines & wrinkles appear visibly reduced. Dr. Leslie Baumann wrote a great review of the debate and summarized the research available about retinyl palmitatehere. It seems that there is a study showing RP being photo protective against UVB rays but there is also a study showingRP causing DNA damage and cytotoxicity in association with UVA.Collagen Peptide Based Technology Matrixyl 3000+™ - Our next generation of age-defying complex. This cream targets the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles for visibly younger-looking skin. As we snooze our skin goes into repair mode, that’s why we have enhanced our No7 Night Cream. Each jar is infused with a new pre-sleep fragrance to help you to feel relaxed and unwind in preparation for sleep - you can say goodnight to fine lines as they appear visibly reduced in just 4 weeks. For skin that needs an anti-ageing, anti-wrinkle boost, this award-winning, nourishing night cream has it all. It reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles with a surge of hydration while providing extra protection against environmental stresses using No7's Double Defence Technology. Double Defence Technology and No7 Age-Defying actives reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and helps protect skin against future signs of ageing As men's skin ages, it's structure is weakened, resulting in lines, wrinkles and a dull appearance. No7 Men's renowned Protect & Perfect Intense technology has now been re-energised to deliver even better anti-ageing results: