As a teenager confronting the traumas of these experiences, Kraus found that recording his memories in words and pictures helped him overcome his hatred for those who had murdered his parents. The process of writing and drawing also helped him begin the painful transition to a so-called normal life. As a survivor, Kraus also felt the need to recount his experiences for the benefit of future generations, especially on behalf of the many who did not survive.

In communities across Europe where the Germans implemented the “ Final Solution to the Jewish Question,” they needed the help of people with local languages and knowledge to assist them in finding Jews who evaded roundups. As German and local police found willing helpers lured by the opportunity for material gain or rewards, Jews in hiding in countries from the occupied Netherlands to occupied Poland faced daunting odds of survival. A Range of Helping Acts million Jews were murdered during the Holocaust. However, Jewish people found many different ways to resist Nazi persecution. As well as surviving that ordeal, Mr Geve endured imprisonment at two other concentration camps - Gross-Rosen and Buchenwald, both in Germany. The horror finally ended when Buchenwald was liberated in April 1945.

Michael Kraus, translated by Paul Wilson

Nearly 2.7 million Jewish men, women, and children were murdered at the five killing centers. What were ghettos and why did German authorities create them during the Holocaust? were infeasible, and it would not be possible to forcibly deport and resettle the Jewish population of Europe. Jews in the ghettos sought to maintain a sense of dignity and community. Schools, libraries, communal welfare services, and religious institutions provided some measure of connection among residents. Attempts to document life in the ghettos, such as the Oneg Shabbat archive and clandestine photography, are powerful examples of spiritual resistance. Many ghettos also had underground movements that carried out armed resistance. The most famous of these is the Warsaw ghetto uprising in 1943. Liquidating the Ghettos Speaking over a Zoom call from his home in Israel, where Mr Geve emigrated in 1950, the now 91-year-old survivor told the Jewish News the drawings serve as a continuous reminder of his story and why he feels it is imperative to continue to educate people about the Holocaust. Pictured: Another of his drawings of Auschwitz However, millions of Germans and other Europeans participated in the Holocaust. Without their involvement, the genocide of the Jewish people in Europe would not have been possible. Nazi leaders relied upon German institutions and organizations; other Axis powers; local bureaucracies and institutions; and individuals. German Institutions, Organizations, and Individuals

Internment. Perpetrators interned Jews in overcrowded ghettos, concentration camps, and forced-labor camps, where many died from starvation, disease, and other inhumane conditions. She's been terrorised by terrorists in hell, but I WILL make her better': Doting father of kidnapped Emily Hand vows to make her better as he reveals his daughter spent her ninth birthday running from missile strikes in Gaza He had begun drawing his experiences prior to the ending of the war, but it was while recuperating in Switzerland that his work became more prolific.Some Jews survived the Holocaust by escaping German-controlled Europe. Before World War II began, hundreds of thousands of Jews emigrated from Nazi Germany despite significant immigration barriers. Those who immigrated to the United States, Great Britain, and other areas that remained beyond German control were safe from Nazi violence. Even after World War II began, some Jews managed to escape German-controlled Europe. For example, approximately 200,000 Polish Jews fled the German occupation of Poland. These Jews survived the war under harsh conditions after Soviet authorities deported them further east into the interior of the Soviet Union. Survival in German-Controlled Europe The first days where I had to go in the school to tell my history, my horrible history, it was very difficult for me. I am crazy when I have to tell something what happened in the concentration camps. which set out the basic treatment of prisoners of war, but these were rarely upheld in full by the Nazis. Conditions inside the camps were usually miserable, with scarce food and poor sanitation widespread. Many of the inmates were also forced to carry out hard labour.