Nennius ( attrib.). Theodor Mommsen ( ed.). Historia Brittonum, VI. Composed after AD830. (in Latin) Hosted at Latin Wikisource.

Iron-Age Hillfort, Roman Stores Depot Brandon Camp, Leintwardine Herefordshire". roman-britain.co.uk. Population of Vindolanda (100 AD). "(the Tablets)" (shtml). Vindolanda Tablets Online: The Roman Army: Activities. Centre for the Study of Ancient Documents, Academic Computing Development Team at Oxford University. {{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link)After the Antonine interlude Birdoswald was fully occupied, probably by the military unit that remained there throughout the 3rd and 4th centuries. This was cohors Prima Aelia Dacorum (the first cohort of Dacians, Hadrian’s own, 1,000 strong unit), recruited from what is now Romania. [3] Since then, many of new Italeri Playset has contained an MDF building, and at the least 3 of them, had issued great MDF forts and castles as follow:

Forts were always built in defensive locations and surrounded by a deep ditch. They were first built of wood, but later, many were replaced with stone. Lendering, Jona. "Haltern". Livius articles on ancient history. livius.org. Archived from the original on 2014-07-10 . Retrieved 2020-03-26. Many of the towns of England still retain forms of the word castra in their names, usually as the suffixes "-caster", "-cester" or "-chester" – Lancaster, Tadcaster, Worcester, Gloucester, Mancetter, Uttoxeter, Colchester, Chester, Manchester and Ribchester for example. Castle has the same derivation, from the diminutive castellum or "little fort", but does not usually indicate a former Roman camp. Whitley Castle however is an exception, referring to the Roman fort of Epiacum in Northumberland. It is now provided with a car park and café and open to the public under its Roman name of Epiacum. Alexander Lubotsky. "Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online". dictionaries.brillonline.com.The Exeter team studied the scans and together they were able to map about 62 miles (100km) of additional roads. When the team returned to the LiDAR scans, they were able to identify a further (8 miles) 13km of Roman road within a short distance predicted by the model.

The Praetentura ("stretching to the front") contained the Scamnum Legatorum, the quarters of officers who were below general but higher than company commanders ( Legati). [23] Near the Principia were the Valetudinarium (hospital), Veterinarium (for horses), Fabrica ("workshop", metals and wood), and further to the front the quarters of special forces. These included Classici ("marines", as most European camps were on rivers and contained a river naval command), Equites ("cavalry"), Exploratores ("scouts"), and Vexillarii (carriers of vexilla, the official pennants of the legion and its units). Troops who did not fit elsewhere also were there. It is clear that this occupation continued without a break from the late Roman period, marking a radical change in the life of the fort after the collapse of the Roman administration and economy. The Roman military unit, already subject to late Roman local recruitment and hereditary service, perhaps became more akin to a war band, possibly even a small local chiefdom, whose members would have continued to regard themselves as ‘Roman’. [14]

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Spain was especially heavily colonized by veterans, who Romanized the language and the architecture. Refer to Miranda (2002) under External links, Camp life, below. The streets, gates and buildings present depended on the requirements and resources of the camp. The gates might vary from two to six and not be centred on the sides. Not all the streets and buildings might be present. Many settlements in Europe originated as Roman military camps and still show traces of their original pattern (e.g. Castres in France, Barcelona in Spain). [25] The pattern was also used by Spanish colonizers in America following strict rules by the Spanish monarchy for founding new cities in the New World. Within the surviving walls of the last Richborough Fort (the Saxon Shore Fort, built at the same time as others along this coast in around AD275 to defend against raiding Franks and Saxons) we can trace the sparse remains of a broad range of buildings.