Marks, John (1979). The Search for the Manchurian Candidate. New York: Times Books. pp. 40–42. ISBN 0812907736. a b Rappoport, J. (1995). "CIA Experiments With Mind Control on Children". Perceptions Magazine, p. 56. in the United States until October 6, 1966). In Operation Midnight Climax, the CIA set up several brothels to obtain a selection of men who would be too At the time, pop culture led many to believe that hypnosis could be used to create a "Manchurian candidate." The 1962 film of the same name, starring Frank Sinatra and Janet Leigh, depicts a former soldier brainwashed into becoming an assassin. Some in the CIA believed hypnosis could be weaponised in real life in a similar way. Statement of Director of Central Intelligence Before Subcommittee On Health And Scientific Research Senate Committee on Human Resources" (PDF). September 21, 1977. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2017 . Retrieved December 27, 2017.

social levels, high and low, native Americans and foreign." Several of these tests involved the administration a b Lee, M. A., Shlain, B. (1985). Acid Dreams, the Complete Social History of LSD: the CIA, the Sixties, and Beyond. Grove Press.LSD was eventually dismissed by MK-ULTRA's researchers as too unpredictable in its resultsP1 Although useful information was sometimes obtained MK-ULTRA, which operated from the 1950s until the early '60s, was created and run by a chemist named Sidney Gottlieb. Journalist Stephen Kinzer, who spent several years investigating the program, calls the operation the "most sustained search in history for techniques of mind control." a b Baker, Jeff (November 11, 2001). "All times a great artist, Ken Kesey is dead at age 66". The Oregonian. pp.A1. a b Albarelli, H. P. (2009). A Terrible Mistake: The Murder of Frank Olson and the CIA's Secret Cold War Experiments. Trine Day. pp. 350–58, 490, 581–83, 686–92. ISBN 978-0977795376.

extensive testing and experimentation" program which included covert drug tests on unwitting citizens "at all PROJECT BLUEBIRD | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on January 24, 2017. Gabbai, Lisbonne and Pourquier (September 15, 1951). "Ergot Poisoning at Pont St. Esprit". British Medical Journal. 2 (4732): 650–51. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.4732.650. PMC 2069953. PMID 14869677.You’re absolutely right. Gottlieb was a terrible scientist. His experiments were not conducted with scientific rigor. Many of the people that he had as operatives carrying out these experiments abroad didn’t speak foreign languages. They were not trained in psychology. They didn’t have the tools to understand what was happening, and I think this is one of the things you really can wonder about with Gottlieb. He had a PhD in Biochemistry and he was obviously quite brilliant. The only thing I can guess is that he would have thought to himself, “The scientific method and traditional ways of guaranteeing accuracy in scientific research are fine, but I’m off in a new world. I’m trying to discover something that’s never been discovered, and therefore I can’t follow the rules that science dictates.” Actually, I think this was his calculation, but it was very mistaken because no matter what you’re looking for, even if it’s something crazy like mind control, you should have some kind of scientific parameters for your experiments. And Gottlieb rarely did.

Files Show Tests For Truth Drug Began in O.S.S." The New York Times. September 5, 1977. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved September 28, 2023. In one of the speeches I gave while I was promoting this book, I said that Gottlieb, in the end, admitted that brainwashing is not possible. And a professor in the audience raised her hand and said, “I want to contradict you, you said that Gottlieb failed to brainwash anyone. But that’s not true: he managed to brainwash himself.” That was the only real brainwashing success of MK Ultra. They were able to brainwash themselves into believing that fictional concepts of hypnotism and mind control could be made real and weaponized for the Cold War. To have fallen for that really is a form of brainwashing. Could Gottlieb have conceived some of these completely bizarre experiments that he carried out while he was on LSD? Was he on LSD while he was watching people being tortured and killed? We don’t know, but it’s kind of a chilling thought.

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early 1950s, continuing at least through the late 1960s, and it supposedly used United States citizens as unwitting test Marks, John (1991). The Search for the "Manchurian Candidate": The CIA and Mind Control. W. W. Norton & Company. p.67. ISBN 978-0393307948. I. Substances which will promote illogical thinking and impulsiveness to the point where the recipient would be discredited in public. Stunning tale of brainwashing, the CIA and an unsuspecting Scots researcher, The Scotsman, January 5, 2006. Retrieved 13 January 2017. McNally, DA (2002). A Long Strange Trip: The Inside History of the Grateful Dead. Broadway Books. pp. 42–3. ISBN 0767911865.

Marks, John (1991). The Search for the "Manchurian Candidate": The CIA and Mind Control. W. W. Norton & Company. p.61. ISBN 978-0393307948. Journey into Madness: The True Story of Secret CIA Mind Control and Medical Abuse, by Gordon Thomas, NY: Bantam, 1989, ISBN 0553284134 Thomson, Mike (August 23, 2010). "Pont-Saint-Esprit poisoning: Did the CIA spread LSD?". BBC.com. BBC News.Lawrence Teeter, the attorney for Sirhan Sirhan, believed that Sirhan was "operating under MK-ULTRA mind control techniques" when he assassinated Robert F. Kennedy. [118]